水深对克氏原鳌虾稻田养殖水体浮游植物群落结构的影响  

Effects of water depth on phytoplankton community structure in rice-Procambarus clarkii cultivation model

作　　者：张露 李滔 章叶飞 王海艳 习小杰 朱建强[1,2] 杨军 ZHANG Lu;LI Tao;ZHANG Yefei;WANG Haiyan;XI Xiaojie;ZHU Jianqiang;YANG Jun(College of Agriculture,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China;Engineering Research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of Wetland,Ministry of Education,Yangtze University,Jingzhou 434025,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]长江大学农学院,湖北荆州434025 [2]长江大学湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心,湖北荆州434025

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2023年第8期1920-1927,共8页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：湖北省农业科技创新行动项目(2018skjcx01);国家自然科学基金项目(U21A2039);长江大学第十四批大学生创新创业训练计划项目(Yz2021202);湿地生态与农业利用教育部工程研究中心开放基金重点项目(KFT201904)资助。

摘　　要：于2021年4—5月在湖北省荆州市长江大学农业科技园稻虾试验地进行试验,试验设置0.6 m(D1)、0.9 m(D2)、1.2 m(D3)和1.5 m(D4)四种环沟水深处理,以了解克氏原鳌虾(Procambarus clarkii)稻田养殖水体中环沟水深对浮游植物群落结构的影响。结果表明:D1、D2、D3和D4处理共鉴定出浮游植物8门10^(6)种,且均以绿藻门种类为主,分别占各处理的50.67%、46.83%、46.91%和46.38%,主要优势种为拟菱形弓形藻(Schroederia nitzschioides)、小球藻属(Chlorella sp.)和具尾蓝隐藻(Chroomonas caudata);浮游植物丰度和生物量分别为0.82×10^(6)~99.74×10^(6)cells·L^(-1)和0.77~27.21 mg·L^(-1),以D1处理的浮游植物丰度和生物量最低,D4处理的丰度和D2处理的生物量最高;浮游植物多样性指数显示,稻田水体水质整体介于清洁-中污染型,D1处理的Margalef指数、Pielou指数和Shannon指数均高于其他处理;冗余分析表明,溶解氧和水温对稻田浮游植物优势种的影响最大。在稻田养殖水体中保持浅水有利于浮游植物的生长和提升浮游植物现存量。We investigated the effects of water depths(0.6 m(D1),0.9 m(D2),1.2 m(D3)and 1.5 m(D4))on phytoplankton community structure in paddy fields with Procambarus clarkii from April to May 2021 in the Agricultural Science and Technology Park of Yangtze University in Jingzhou,Hubei Province.The results showed that a total of 10^(6) phytoplankton species belonging to 8 phyla were identified across the four treatments.Chlorophyta was the most dominant group,which accounted for 50.67%,46.83%,46.91%and 46.38%of total phytoplankton species in D1,D2,D3,and D4 treatments,respectively.Schroederia nitzschioides,Chlorella sp.,and Chroomonas caudata were the dominant species.The total phytoplankton abundance and biomass in the four treatments ranged from 0.82×10~6 to 99.74×10~6 cells·L^(-1)and 0.77 to 27.21 mg·L^(-1),respectively.The total phytoplankton abundance and biomass was lower in D1 than in other treatments,with the highest phytoplankton abundance in D4 treatment and biomass in D2 treatment.The Margalef,Pielou,and Shannon indices were higher in D1 treatment than in other treatments.Based on the phytoplankton diversity indices,water quality in paddy fields was at light to medium pollution level.Results of redundancy analysis showed that dissolved oxygen and water temperature greatly impacted dominant phytoplankton species in paddy fields of different water depths.Therefore,keeping shallow water is beneficial to phytoplankton growth and increase phytoplankton standing stocks in paddy fields.

关 键 词：浮游植物 稻田 水深 克氏原鳌虾 

分 类 号：Q948.8[生物学—植物学]