成都市≥30岁居民吸烟饮酒归因死亡及对期望寿命的影响分析  

Analysis of death attributable to smoking and drinking and the influence on life expectancy among residents ≥ 30 years old in Chengdu

作　　者：丁莉文 任晓晖 刘祥 DING Li-wen;REN Xiao-hui;LIU Xiang(Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics,School of Public Health,Sun Yat-sen University,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510080,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系,广东广州510080 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院健康行为与社会医学系,四川成都610041

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第15期2689-2694,共6页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC0907305);四川省科技厅重点研发计划项目(2020YFS0216);四川省科技计划软科学项目(2022JDR0196)。

摘　　要：目的 了解成都市≥30岁居民吸烟饮酒现况,并探究吸烟饮酒归因死亡及对期望寿命的影响。方法 结合2018年四川卫生健康统计年鉴居民病伤死亡原因数据、西南区域自然人群队列成都市居民健康相关调查资料以及世界卫生组织全球疾病负担中吸烟饮酒相关疾病及其相对危险度数据,采用反事实归因法计算吸烟饮酒造成的归因死亡数和期望寿命损失。结果 成都市30岁居民期望寿命为53.91岁(男性51.52岁,女性56.48岁)。吸烟归因总死亡数为14 370人,其中慢性阻塞性肺疾病(4 926人)、肺癌(4 234人)、食道癌(1 578人)是吸烟导致死亡人数最多的三个疾病。饮酒归因总死亡数为2 185人,其中脑血管病(657人)、食道癌(443人)、肝硬化(342人)是饮酒导致死亡人数最多的三个疾病。吸烟造成期望寿命的损失为2.03岁(男性3.47岁,女性0.39岁);饮酒造成的损失为0.28岁(男性0.48岁,女性0.04岁)。结论 吸烟和饮酒造成成都市居民期望寿命损失较大,对居民呼吸系统、消化系统和心脑血管疾病的死亡造成巨大疾病负担。Objective To understand the prevalence of smoking and drinking among residents ≥ 30 years old in Chengdu,and to investigate the death attributable to smoking and drinking and its effect on life expectancy.Methods The data sources were data of the causes of death of residents in the 2018 Sichuan Health Statistical Yearbook,the health survey data of Chengdu residents in the natural population cohort in southwest China,and the data of smoking and drinking related diseases and their relative risk in the global disease burden of the World Health Organization.The counterfactual attribution method was used to calculate the number of attributable deaths and life expectancy loss caused by smoking and drinking.Results The life expectancy of 30-year-old residents in Chengdu was 53.91 years(51.52 years for males and 56.48 years for fe-males).The total number of deaths attributed to smoking was 14 370,with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(4 926),lung cancer(4 234),and esophageal cancer(1 578) ranking the top three.The total number of deaths attributed to drinking was 2 185,among which cerebrovascular disease,esophageal cancer,and liver cirrhosis were the three leading causes of death attributable to drinking.The loss of life expectancy caused by smoking was 2.03 years(3.47 years for males and 0.39years for females),and the loss caused by drinking was 0.28 years(0.48 years for males and 0.04 years for females).Conclusion Smoking and drinking cause a great loss of life expectancy of Chengdu residents and impose a huge disease burden on the death from respiratory system,digestive system,cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.

关 键 词：期望寿命 吸烟 饮酒 归因死亡 反事实归因法 

分 类 号：R195.3[医药卫生—卫生统计学] R181.3[医药卫生—卫生事业管理]