2012—2021年川藏铁路雅安至巴塘段肺结核时空流行特征  

Spatial-temporal epidemic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis in the Ya'an to Batang section of Sichuan-Tibet railway from 2012 to 2021

作　　者：谢红梅 秦瑶 张伦 张瑶 张孟媛 康殿巨[3] 杨长虹[3] 魏荣杰 XIE Hong-mei;QIN Yao;ZHANG Lun;ZHANG Yao;ZHANG Meng-yuan;KANG Dian-ju;YANG Chang-hong;WEI Rong-jie(China Railway Chengdu Bureau Group Co.,Ltd.Chengdu Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chengdu,Sichuan 610081,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]中国铁路成都局集团有限公司成都疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610081 [2]四川省现场流行病学培训项目,四川成都610041 [3]四川省疾病预防控制中心,四川成都610041

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第15期2714-2720,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目(cstc2020jscx-cylh X0003);NIH过敏与传染病项目(5R01AI125842-02)。

摘　　要：目的 分析2012—2021年川藏铁路雅安至巴塘段(雅巴段)沿线肺结核流行特征,为川藏铁路建设卫生保障和沿线肺结核防控提供参考依据。方法 收集川藏铁路雅巴段沿线8县(市、区)2012—2021年肺结核监测资料,运用Arc GIS 10.7和Sa TScan 9.5进行肺结核数据分析和时空特征扫描。结果 川藏铁路雅巴段沿线8县(市、区)肺结核10年平均发病率为139.37/10万;总体发病水平男性高于女性(χ^(2)=330.606,P<0.001),农民(51.40%)、学生(16.46%)、牧民(8.08%)、家务及待业(7.78%)四类职业为高发人群,15~19岁组肺结核发病率最高,为276.51/10万;2012—2021年川藏铁路雅巴段沿线8县(市、区)肺结核发病呈空间聚集性,Moran I指数在0.242~0.631(P<0.05),“H-H”聚集区主要集中在沿线中西部地区;时空扫描发现有8个时空集聚区,一级聚集区在以八角楼乡为中心的13个乡镇,二级聚集区在以藏坝乡为中心的10个乡镇。结论 2012—2021年川藏铁路雅巴段沿线8县(市、区)肺结核疫情严重,存在明显的时空聚集性,政府和铁路建设单位应加强肺结核疫情监测,综合制定防控策略。Objective To analyze the epidemic characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis along Ya'an to Batang section of Sichuan-Tibet railway from 2012 to 2021,so as to provide reference for health guarantee and prevention and control of pulmonary tuberculosis along Sichuan-Tibet railway.Methods The surveillance data of pulmonary tuberculosis in 8 counties(cities and districts) along the Yaba section of Sichuan-Tibet railway from 2012 to 2021 were collected.ArcGIS10.7 and SaTScan9.5 were used to analyze the data and scan the spatial-temporal characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis.Results The 10-year average incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in 8 counties(cities and districts) along the Yaba section of Sichuan-Tibet railway was 139.37/100 000,and the overall incidence level of males was higher than that of females(χ^(2)=330.606,P<0.001).Farmers(51.40%),students(16.46%),herdsmen(8.08%),the housework and unemployed(7.78%) were at high risk,and the incidence of tuberculosis was the highest in the 15-year-old and 19-year-old group(276.51/100 000).From 2012 to 2021,the incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in 8 counties(cities and districts) along the Yaba section of Sichuan-Tibet railway showed spatial aggregation,and the Moran's I index was between 0.242 and 0.631.The “H-H” gathering area was mainly concentrated in the central and western regions along the line.Spatial-temporal scanning found that there were 8 spatial-temporal gathering areas.The first-level gathering area was in 13 townships with Bajiaolou township as the center,and the secondary agglomeration area was in 10 townships with Zangba township as the center.Conclusion The epidemic situation of pulmonary tuberculosis is serious in 8 counties(cities and districts) along the Yaba section of SichuanTibet railway from 2012 to 2021,and there is obvious temporal and spatial aggregation.The government and railway con-struction units should strengthen the surveillance of pulmonary tuberculosis and formulate comprehensive prevention and con-trol strategies.

关 键 词：肺结核 流行特征 时空聚集 监测 川藏铁路 

分 类 号：R521[医药卫生—内科学] R181.3[医药卫生—临床医学]