湖南省50~70岁女性危害健康行为分布及聚集性研究  

Distribution and clustering of health risk behaviors among women aged 50 to 70 years in Hunan Province

作　　者：聂敏 岳静 樊玲 孟艳亭 罗阳[2] NIE Min;YUE Jing;FAN Ling;MENG Yan-ting;LUO Yang(Department of Respiratory Medicine,Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences,Sichuan People’s Hospital,Chengdu,Sichuan 610072,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]四川省医学科学院·四川省人民医院呼吸内科1护理片区,四川成都610072 [2]中南大学湘雅护理学院,湖南长沙410013 [3]中南大学湘雅医院 [4]长沙当代护士杂志社

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第15期2755-2761,共7页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：湖南省妇女研究会项目(21ZKB01)。

摘　　要：目的 调查湖南省50~70岁女性危害健康行为的聚集现况并分析相关影响因素。方法 选取湖南省妇女健康需求专项调研项目中的2 153名50~70岁女性作为研究对象。该调研项目采用的是多阶段分层随机抽样方法。通过问卷的方式收集资料,采用χ^(2)检验和有序logistic回归分析50~70岁女性中非正常体重、吸烟、过量饮酒、不良饮食习惯以及缺乏锻炼等5种危害健康行为的聚集现况及影响因素。结果 约有32%的调查对象存在≥2种危害健康行为,5种危害健康行为共存的组合具有最强的聚集性,他们的实际流行率约为预期流行率的10倍。有序logistic回归模型结果显示,50~70岁女性危害健康行为聚集的影响因素有文化程度、个人月收入、职业,且两两之间存在交互作用(P<0.011)。相比于文盲的组,文化程度越高,危害健康行为聚集的数量越少[小学(OR=0.737,95%CI:0.562~0.967)、初中(OR=0.675,95%CI:0.506~0.902)、高中(OR=0.659,95%CI:0.472~0.919)、大学及以上(OR=0.420,95%CI:0.240~0.734)];相较于无任何收入的组,个人月收入越高,危害健康行为聚集的数量越多[>8 000元(OR=3.769,95%CI:1.307~10.871)];个人职业为体力劳动者相较于无业或退休者,危害健康行为聚集的数量越多[体力劳动者(OR=1.748,95%CI:1.368~2.235)]。结论 在湖南省50~70岁女性中,文化程度低、经济水平好、从事体力劳动等人群是危害健康行为聚集的高危人群,因此,应重点关注这部分人群。Objective To investigate the clustering of health risk behaviors among women aged 50 to 70 years old in Hunan Province and analyze the influencing factors.Methods In total 2 153 women aged 50 to 70 years from the special survey project of women's health needs in Hunan Province were selected as the research subjects.The method of multi-stage stratified random sampling was adopted.The data were collected by questionnaire,and the chi-square test and ordered logistic regres-sion were used to analyze the clustering status and influencing factors of abnormal weight,smoking,excessive drinking,bad eating habits,and lack of exercise among women aged 50 to 70 years.Results About 32% of the respondents had more than 2kinds of health risk behaviors,the combination of 5 kinds of health risk behaviors had the strongest clustering,and their actual prevalence rate was about 10 times of the expected prevalence rate.The results of ordered logistic clustering model showed that the influencing factors of health risk behaviors of women aged 50 to 70 years were education level,personal monthly income,and occupation,and there was interaction between them(P<0.011).Compared with the illiterate group,the higher the level of education,the less the number of health risk behaviors primary school(OR=0.737,95%CI:0.562-0.967),junior high school(OR=0.675,95%CI:0.506-0.902),senior high school(OR=0.659,95%CI:0.472-0.919),and college and above(OR=0.420,95%CI:0.240-0.734).Compared with the group with no income,the higher the monthly income,the more the number of health risk behaviors clustered(> 8 000 yuan:OR=3.769,95%CI:1.307-10.871).Compared with those who were unemployed or retired,manual workers had more health risk behaviors(OR=1.748,95%CI:1.368-2.235).Conclusion Among 50-70-year-old women in Hunan Province,people with low education level,good economic level,and manual labor are high risk groups for health risk behaviors,to which special attention should be paid.

关 键 词：危害健康行为 聚集性 影响因素 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]