基于耗散结构理论的尝试吸烟和戒烟行为发生动力学机制探究  

A study on the dynamic mechanism of attempted smoking and quitting smoking based on dissipative structure theory

作　　者：辛军国 赵莉 汪瑞鸥 雷雅麟 陈建 马骁 XIN Jun-guo;ZHAO Li;WANG Rui-ou;LEI Ya-lin;CHEN Jian;MA Xiao(School of Public Health,Chengdu Medical College,Chengdu,Sichuan 610500,China;不详)

机构地区：[1]成都医学院公共卫生学院,四川成都610500 [2]四川大学华西公共卫生学院/华西第四医院,四川成都610041 [3]成都市卫生健康委员会疾控处

出　　处：《现代预防医学》2023年第15期2796-2803,共8页Modern Preventive Medicine

基　　金：四川省基层卫生事业发展研究中心项目(SWFZ21-Y-22);四川省应用心理研究中心项目(CSXL-202A19);成都医学院自然科学基金项目(CYZ19-29)。

摘　　要：目的探索吸烟行为的耗散结构原理与健康相关行为(HRB)的发生动力学机制。方法以耗散结构理论为依据,综合应用典型分析、比较分析、本质分析以及归纳演绎等理论研究方法,分析尝试吸烟、戒烟等行为发生的耗散结构动力学机制。结果吸烟行为采用常规理论解释困难,青少年尝试吸烟和戒烟后复吸问题是控烟痛点。尝试吸烟行为、戒烟行为等偶发行为具有耗散结构特征,其发生过程符合耗散结构动力学机制:一个正常的人,当某种/些行为意愿足够强烈时,受某些行为线索的引发而发生行为,之后个体对该行为的认知和意愿会形成一种新的平衡状态,后续行为需要耗散各种正反馈(正向支持或回报)才能维持。基于此机制提出针对青少年尝试吸烟和中老年人戒烟行为的耗散结构干预策略。结论基于耗散结构原理提出的尝试吸烟、戒烟行为发生动力学机制为解释和干预其他偶发行为提供了一种新的思路,为控烟相关政策提供了理论支撑,为进一步研究复杂行为的发展、演化机制奠定了基础。Objective To explore the dissipative structure principle of smoking behavior and the dynamic mechanism of health-related behavior(HRB).Methods Based on the theory of dissipative structure,the dissipative structure dynamic mechanism of attempted smoking and quitting smoking was analyzed by using the theoretical research methods of typical analysis,comparative analysis,essential analysis,and inductive deduction.Results It was difficult to explain smoking behavior by conventional theory,and the problem of relapse after trying smoking and quitting smoking was the pain point of tobac-co control.The occasional behavior such as attempted smoking and quitting smoking is characterized by dissipative structure,and its occurrence process accords with the dynamic mechanism of dissipative structure:for a normal person,when the will of some/some behaviors is strong enough,the behavior occurs when it is triggered by certain behavior clues,and then the individual's cognition and willingness to the behavior will form a new equilibrium state.Follow-up behavior needs to dissipate all kinds of positive feedback(positive support or reward)in order to maintain it.Based on this mechanism,a dissipative structure intervention strategy is proposed for teenagers who attempt smoking and middle-aged and elderly people to quit smoking.Conclusion The dynamic mechanism of attempted smoking and quitting behavior based on the principle of dissipative structure provides new insight for explaining and intervening other incidental behaviors,and provides theoretical support for tobacco control related policies,which lays a foundation for the further investigation on the development and evolution mechanism of complex behavior.

关 键 词：耗散结构理论 尝试吸烟 戒烟 动力学 发生机制 

分 类 号：R163[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]