"君""臣"之辩——析布拉日金娜笔下《郭店竹简》政治哲学的思想体系  

The debate of "monarch"and "subject":an analysis of the ideological system of the political philosophy in The Bamboo Texts of Guodian by Russian sinologist Brazhkina

作　　者：靳铭吉[1] 王祎杉 Jin Mingji;Wang Yishan(Heilongjiang University)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学

出　　处：《欧亚人文研究（中俄文）》2023年第3期74-84,88,91,92,共14页Eurasian Humanities Studies

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"俄罗斯汉学家的儒学研究"(项目号:22JJD740035);2021年度黑龙江省经济社会发展重点研究课题(外语学科专项)扶持项目"‘翻译+汉学’模式下中国儒学典籍俄译研究——以俄罗斯汉学家列·谢·贝列罗莫夫的《论语》俄译本为例"(项目号:WY2021074-C)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：俄罗斯汉学研究者布拉日金娜在对《郭店竹简》研读的基础上,阐发了以竹简"君臣"双主体、"禅让"为特色的政治哲学思想体系,开启了《郭店竹简》思想解读的俄罗斯视域。在简文的基础上,她见微知著,将"父慈子孝"加入"君臣"关系的考量思路之中加以解析:先是依托简文分析"君"内圣外王的实现路径,而后打破中国传统的《细衣》与《五行》一脉相承的分析模式,将《淄衣》与《鲁穆公问子思》相结合,将"臣"划分为"衣"与"子思"两类。在阐释"禅让"的过程中,她试图突破国内多引考之有据且冠以"禅让"之名的儒家经典这一传统解读模式,在典型篇目《唐虞之道》基础上,对其余多篇供书中诸如"道""礼""法"内容加以合,使被诸子百家激烈讨论的"礼法"关系、何为"正名"成为分析"禅让"的依据与关键步骤。最后转学术性为实用性,指出"禅让"循古今中国政治道路、鉴当下中俄发展的关键作用。该思想体系的再阐释过程为"为政以德"的先秦儒家政治哲学思想拓展了新的研究角度。On the basis of her study of The Bamboo Texts of Guodian,Russian sinologist Brazhkina constructs a political-philosophical system featuring the dual subjects of"monarch and subject"and"shanrang",opening up a Russian perspective on interpreting The Bamboo Texts of Guodian.She first analyses the path to the realization of the"monarch's"internal and external sainthood,breaks with the Chinese traditional analysis of"The Five Elements"and"Zi Yi",and combines"Zi Yi"with the"Lu Mu Gong wen Zisi",thereby dividing"subject"into two categories:"Zi Yi"and"Zisi".In the process of interpreting"shanrang",she tries to break away from the traditional mode of interpreting Confucian classics that have been well documented and given the label of"shanrang"On the basis of the typical text"The Way of Tang and Yu",she also integrates the contents of other anonymous texts such as Dao","Ritual"and"Law",and makes the relationship between"Ritual"and"Law",which has been hotly debated by many schools of thought,and the question of what is the"Zheng Ming"premise and key steps for analyzing"shanrang".Finally,turning academic analysis into practical discussion,she points out the crucial role of"shanrang"in following the political paths of ancient and modern China and in the current development of China and Russia.The reinterpretation of this ideological system provides a new perspective for studying the pre-Qin Confucian political and philosophical thought of"governing by virtue".

关 键 词：俄罗斯汉学 郭店竹简 政治哲学 君臣 禅让 

分 类 号：K225.04[历史地理—历史学]