基于Mask RCNN和视觉技术的玉米种子发芽自动检测方法  

Automatic detection method of corn seed germination based on Mask RCNN and vision technology

作　　者：马启良 杨小明[1] 胡水星[1] 黄子鸿 祁亨年[2,3] MA Qiliang;YANG Xiaoming;HU Shuixing;HUANG Zihong;QI Hengnian(Information Technology Center,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,Zhejiang,China;School of Information Engineering,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,Zhejiang,China;Postgraduate School,Huzhou University,Huzhou 313000,Zhejiang,China)

机构地区：[1]湖州师范学院信息技术中心,浙江湖州313000 [2]湖州师范学院信息工程学院,浙江湖州313000 [3]湖州师范学院研究生院,浙江湖州313000

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2023年第8期1927-1936,共10页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划(2019C02013);湖州市自然科学资金(2021YZ18)。

摘　　要：种子标准发芽试验中,为获取种子发芽和生长情况,需借助人工定时对种子的发芽率、发芽势、芽长和根长等相关指标进行统计和测量,该测定过程费时费力,且易对发芽的幼苗造成损伤。针对这些问题,该研究基于Mask RCNN(基于区域的卷积神经网络)模型和机器视觉技术设计了一种玉米种子发芽自动检测方法。首先,在玉米种子发芽试验的7 d内,每天采集模型训练和测试所需的图像,并用Labelme工具对种子位置进行标注,再利用标注图像训练种子定位模型;其次,根据模型定位出的玉米种子掩膜区域,设定一个监测种子发芽的椭圆区域,自动识别种子发芽状态;最后,利用骨架提取和深度搜索算法实现发芽种子幼苗主骨架线的提取,通过计算种子掩膜的质心坐标位置,实现芽和根长度的分别统计。结果表明,该方法能够有效识别发芽种子,实现发芽试验中玉米种子的发芽率、发芽势、芽长、根长等指标的自动统计,可为种子发芽试验的自动化管理提供技术参考。In the standard germination test of seed,manual timing is required to collect data on seed germination and growth,such as germination rate,germination vigor,shoot length,and root length.However,this measurement process is time-consuming,laborious,and can easily damage germinating seedlings.To address these issues,a automatic detection method for maize seed germination is designed based on the Mask RCNN(region-based convolutional neural network)model and machine vision technology.First,within the 7-day germination test period of maize seeds,images for model training and testing are collected daily,and the seed positions are annotated using the Labelme tool,then a seed localization model is trained based on the annotated images.Second,based on the seed mask regions located by the model,an elliptical region for monitoring seed germination is defined,and the seed germination status is automatically identified.Finally,the main skeleton line of germinating seedlings is extracted using skeleton extraction and depth-first search algorithms,shoot length and root length are measured separately by calculating the centroid coordinates of seed masks.The results show that this method can effectively recognize germinating seeds and automatically measure indicators such as germination rate,germination vigor,shoot length and root length in maize seed germination experiments,providing a technical reference for the automation management of seed germination tests.

关 键 词：标准发芽试验 发芽率 Mask RCNN 玉米 骨架提取 芽长 根长 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学] S237