转炉熔渣气化脱磷循环炼钢技术开发及应用  

Development and application of converter slag gasification phosphorization cycle steelmaking technology

作　　者：李晨晓 薛月凯 王书桓 赵定国 张明博 刘善喜 LI Chenxiao;XUE Yuekai;WANG Shuhuan;ZHAO Dingguo;ZHANG Mingbo;LIU Shanxi(Metallurgy and Energy College,North China University of Science and Technology,Tangshan 063210,Hebei,China;Chengde Branch,HBIS Company Limited,Chengde 067002,Hebei,China;Tangshan Branch,HBIS Company Limited,Tangshan 063000,Hebei,China)

机构地区：[1]华北理工大学冶金与能源学院,河北唐山063210 [2]河钢股份有限公司承德分公司,河北承德067002 [3]河钢股份有限公司唐山分公司,河北唐山063000

出　　处：《钢铁》2023年第7期64-71,143,共9页Iron and Steel

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52274334,52004097);河北省高等学校科学技术研究资助项目(BJK2022059)。

摘　　要：转炉熔渣脱磷潜能巨大,在溅渣护炉阶段进行气化脱磷后可用于下一炉次,实现钢液低温脱磷,既可以避免磷元素的富集,又保证熔渣高效便捷利用。为此在唐山钢铁集团有限责任公司、承德钢铁集团有限责任公司和首钢京唐钢铁联合有限责任公司(以下分别简称为唐钢、承钢和首钢京唐)开展了转炉熔渣气化脱磷循环炼钢试验研究,工业试验分别在单渣、半钢和双联转炉工艺上开展。结果表明,唐钢单渣冶炼转炉的终点熔渣气化脱磷率最高,约为40.37%;承钢半钢冶炼炼钢转炉次之,为35.07%;首钢京唐脱磷炉熔渣气化脱磷率最低,为29.26%。反应温度对气化脱磷率的影响最大,熔渣传质速率往往限制气化脱除效果;气化脱磷渣循环炼钢炉次运行高效平稳,终点钢水磷质量分数相对比较稳定,平均为0.024%、0.026%、0.028%,分别满足冶炼钢种终点成分要求;与常规冶炼炉次相比较,试验炉次的吨钢石灰和钢铁料消耗均有不同比例降低,唐钢、承钢、首钢京唐试验炉次吨钢石灰消耗均值分别减少4.54、4.31、1.21 kg,吨钢钢铁料消耗均值分别减少4.43、3.24、2.15 kg,可见,气化脱磷熔渣循环利用会降低转炉工序造渣剂和钢铁料消耗,产生经济效益和节能减排效果。可产生经济效益和节能减排效果;对比分析转炉终渣和反应后的气化脱磷渣物相可知,高温下熔渣中P_(2)O_(5)被气化还原为P_(2)气体,一部分P_(2)与铁单质反应结合形成FexP相,另一部分P_(2)则以气体形式从炉渣中脱除。The dephosphorization potential of converter slag is huge.After gasification dephosphorization in the slag splashing protection stage,it can be used for the next furnace to achieve low-temperature dephosphorization of molten steel,which can not only avoid the enrichment of P elements,but also ensure efficient and convenient utilization of the slag.The test research of converter slag gasification dephosphorization cycle steelmaking were carried out in Tangshan Iron and Steel,Chenggang and Shougang Jingtang.Industrial trials were conducted on single slag,semi steel,and duplex converter processes.The results show that the highest gasification dephosphorization rate of the end point slag of the single slag smelting converter at Tangshan Iron and Steel Group Co.,Ltd.is about 40.37%,followed by the semi steel smelting converter at Chengde Iron and Steel Group Co.,Ltd.,which is 35.07%,and the lowest gasification dephosphorization rate of the slag of the Jingtang dephosphorization furnace at Shougang Iron and Steel Group Co.,Ltd.is 29.26%.The reaction temperature has the greatest impact on the gasification dephosphorization rate,and the slag mass transfer rate often limits the gasification dephosphorization effect.The gasification dephosphorization slag cycle steelmaking furnace runs efficiently and stably,and the P mass percent in the end point molten steel is relatively stable,with an average of 0.024%,0.026%,and 0.028%,which meet the end point composition requirements of smelting steel types.Compared with conventional smelting furnaces,the consumption of lime and iron and steel materials per ton of steel in the test furnaces has been reduced in different proportions,The average consumption of lime per ton of steel in Tangshan Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.,Chenggang Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.,and Shougang Jingtang Iron and Steel Co.,Ltd.test furnaces decreased by 4.54 kg,4.31 kg,and 1.21 kg,respectively,and the average consumption of iron and steel materials per ton of steel decreased by 4.43 kg,3.24 kg,and 2.15 kg,which can pr

关 键 词：转炉炼钢 炉渣 溅渣 气化脱磷 循环利用 

分 类 号：TF713[冶金工程—钢铁冶金]