湖北武穴方言的“VP+M”疑问句式  

Interrogative Sentence Pattern of“VP+M”in Wuxue(武穴)Dialect

作　　者：姜迎春 甘于恩[2] JIANG Yingchun;GAN Yu-en(School of Literature and Communication,Huizhou University,Huizhou Guangdong 516000,China;Institute of Chinese Dialect,Jinan University,Guangzhou Guangdong 510632,China)

机构地区：[1]惠州学院文学与传媒学院,广东惠州516000 [2]暨南大学汉语方言研究中心,广州510632

出　　处：《语言研究》2023年第3期28-36,共9页Studies in Language and Linguistics

基　　金：中国语言资源保护工程专项任务(YB1909B009C)。

摘　　要：武穴方言属于江淮官话黄孝片,其疑问句形式丰富多样,其中“VP+M”疑问句式,即“VP+吧1”、“VP+啊”、“VP+啵”和“VP+呗”,从形式上看类似于普通话的是非问句,但实质是正反问句,其中“VP+吧2”已经演化为是非问句。正反问句向是非问句的演变有四个阶段,其中“VP+吧”疑问句正好体现了由正反问句向语气词是非问句演变的完整链条,而“VP+啵”和“VP+呗”疑问句式处于演变链条的第三阶段,仍属于正反问句。并且通过黄孝片其他方言点以及周边赣语可以论证“吧”“啵”“呗”都是合音词,但“VP+吧”、“VP+啵”和“VP+呗”却处于“VP+M”疑问句演变的不同阶段。文章通过“VP+M”疑问句式在共时层面的语义差别,来探求其历时发展的轨迹,从中找寻武穴方言的是非型正反问句向语气词是非问句演化的途径和规律。The Wuxue(武穴)dialect belongs to Huang Xiao Pian(黄孝片)in Jianghuai(江淮)Mandarin,there are many interrogative sentences.Among them,the“VP+M”interrogative sentence,namely“VP+吧1”,“VP+啊”,“VP+呗”,“VP+啵”,is a Yes-No Question in the form,but it is actually a VP-Neg Interrogative.Among them,“VP+吧2”interrogative sentence has already evolved into a question of Yes-No.There are four stages in the evolution from a VP-Neg Interrogative to a Yes-No Question in the form.Among them,the“VP+吧”interrogative sentence just reflects the complete chain from the VP-Neg Interrogative to the Yes-No Question in the form,but the“VP+啵”and“VP+呗”interrogative sentences are in the third stage of the evolution chain,and they are still a VP-Neg Interrogative.Through Huang Xiao pian's other dialects and surrounding Gan dialects,it can be proved that“吧”,“啵”and“呗”are all consonant words,but“VP+吧”,“VP+啵”and“VP+呗”are at different stages of the evolution of“VP+M”interrogative sentences.This article reveals four“VP+M”interrogative sentences,revealing the differences at the synchronic level to explore the trajectory of historical development.Finally,we look for the way and law of the evolution from a VP-Neg Interrogative in the form to a Yes-No Question in the form in Wuxue(武穴)dialect.

关 键 词：武穴方言 “VP+M”疑问句式 合音词 演变 正反问句 是非问句 

分 类 号：H172.4[语言文字—汉语]