我国近海龟足3个地理群体比较转录组及环境适应性研究  

Comparative Transcriptome and Adaptation to Environmental Analysis of Different Geographical Capitulum mitella Groups in Offshore China

作　　者：毛宁 蔡月凤 张宇 姬南京 申欣 MAO Ning;CAI Yue-Feng;ZHANG Yu;JI Nan-Jing;SHEN Xin(Jiangsu Ocean University,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biological Resources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology,Lianyungang 222005;Jiangsu Marine Biological Industry Technology Collaborative Innovation Center,Lianyungang 222005,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏海洋大学,江苏省海洋生物资源与环境重点实验室/江苏省海洋生物技术重点实验室,连云港222005 [2]江苏省海洋生物产业技术协同创新中心,连云港222005

出　　处：《动物学杂志》2023年第4期563-578,共16页Chinese Journal of Zoology

基　　金：江苏省杰出青年基金项目(No.BK20190048);国家自然科学基金项目(No.41876147);江苏省重点学科发展计划和研究生研究与实践创新计划项目(No.KYCX21_3136)。

摘　　要：龟足(Capitulum mitella)隶属于节肢动物门(Arthropoda)指茗荷科(Pollicipedidae)龟足属,广泛分布于亚热带及热带近海沿岸中高潮地带。由于龟足生存环境复杂多变,可能导致其不同地理群体形成与其生境相适应的特征。本研究基于高通量测序技术对浙江舟山、福建宁德和广东珠海3个典型海域的龟足进行比较转录组分析,并利用生物信息学方法探究3个地理群体对环境的适应机制。结果表明,3个地理群体间存在651个(广东珠海和福建宁德群体间)至3738个(浙江舟山和福建宁德群体间)数量不等的差异表达基因(DEGs),主要涉及核糖体合成、抗原加工与递呈、分子伴侣代谢通路。基因序列的非同义替换率(K_(a))和同义替换率(K_(s))之间的比例K_(a)/K_(s),如果其超过1,则认为有正选择压力作用于该基因,基因正在快速进化。3个地理群体间龟足直系同源基因正选择压力分析结果显示,254个直系同源基因中有7个基因受到正选择压力,包括D-天冬氨酸酶基因(K_(a)/K_(s)=2.076)、GTP结合核蛋白基因(K_(a)/K_(s)=1.001)、凋亡抑制蛋白基因(K_(a)/K_(s)=1.008)、真核起始因子2B基因(K_(a)/K_(s)=1.001)、RNA聚合酶介体II基因(K_(a)/K_(s)=2.867)、吡咯啉-5-羧酸还原酶基因(K_(a)/K_(s)=1.131)和组蛋白去乙酰化酶基因(K_(a)/K_(s)=1.145),它们是参与龟足免疫系统调节、生长发育等生物过程的关键基因。本研究的开展有助于初步了解龟足对外界多重环境的适应机制,为研究龟足这3个地理群体的遗传多样性、种质资源保护和开发利用提供了基础数据。[Objectives]Capitulum mitella belongs to the Arthropoda,Pollicipedidae,and Capitulum,which is similar in size to the Tortoise’s foot.C.mitella is widely distributed in subtropical and tropical coastal high tide zone,mainly distributed in the sea area south of the Yangtze Estuary.Due to the great environmental differences in the sea areas where they live,different geographical populations of C.mitella will have different environmental adaptability under multiple environmental stresses.This study for the first time applied high-throughput sequencing to C.mitella in the Yangtze River estuary offshore of Zhoushan,Zhejiang Province,the southeast coast of Ningde,Fujian Province,and Zhuhai,Guangdong Province in the South China Sea to compare transcriptomic analysis.Differentially expressed genes(DEGs)among three geographical populations of C.mitella were screened to explore how the different geographic populations adapted to the environment.[Methods]The C.mitella samples were collected from intertidal reefs in Ningde,Fujian Province(120°04′04″E,26°52′34″N),Zhoushan,Zhejiang Province(122°27′04″E,30°43′32″N),and Zhuhai,Guangdong Province(114°02′33″E,22°05′55″N)from September to November 2021.Morphological identification and mitochondrial molecular marker cytochrome c oxidase subunit I(COI)amplification analysis showed that all of them were C.mitella.RNA was extracted for library construction and transcriptome sequencing.Clean reads were obtained after raw data quality control.Trinity(v2.4.0)was used to assemble clean reads to obtain Unigenes,and the functional cluster analysis of Unigenes was conducted.Screening of differentially expressed genes(DEGs)and significant differences in expression of the threshold for P<0.05 and|log2FoldChange|over 1 using DESeq2(1.6.3).To analyze the functional characteristics and physiological and biochemical metabolic pathways involved in DEGs,GO and KEGG enrichment analysis of DEGs was conducted using GOseq(1.10.0)and KOBAS(v2.0.12),and the threshold of signi

关 键 词：龟足 地理群体 比较转录组 环境适应性 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]