小麦种子萌发基因TaJAZ1的克隆和功能研究  

Cloning and Functional Analysis of Seed Germination Related Gene TaJAZ1 in Wheat(Triticum aestivum L.)

作　　者：姚雅鑫 刘函西 王伟伟 张礼宁 孙风丽[1] 张超[1] 奚亚军[1] YAO Yaxin;LIU Hanxi;WANG Weiwei;ZHANG Lining;SUN Fengli;ZHANG Chao;XI Yajun(College of Agronomy,Northwest A&F University/Key Laboratory of Wheat Biology and Genetic Breeding,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院/农业农村部西北地区小麦生物学与遗传育种重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2023年第9期1081-1092,共12页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：陕西省重点研发计划(2022NY-172);陕西省“两链”融合专项“小麦种业创新工程项目”;杨凌种业创新重点研发计划(Ylzy-xm-03)。

摘　　要：小麦品种铭贤169是我国黄淮麦区育种研究广泛应用的条锈病诱发材料,但其种子休眠时间过长,不仅影响播种后均匀发芽和生长发育,其收获掉落籽粒也容易导致秋季育种田的生物学混杂。本研究通过筛选其休眠种子与萌发种子的转录组学数据,克隆获得差异表达基因TaJAZ1,并对其生物信息学特性、亚细胞定位、表达模式进行分析,结合解析拟南芥jaz3(与TaJAZ1同源性最高)突变体、TaJAZ1过表达拟南芥和水稻的表型反应。结果表明,TaJAZ1基因编码区全长1230 bp,可编码409个氨基酸,在不同物种间保守性较强,与野生二粒小麦JAZ1基因的亲缘关系最近;启动子区含有脱落酸响应元件ABRE和茉莉酸甲酯响应元件CGTCA-motif和TGACG-motif;该基因定位于细胞核和细胞膜,TaJAZ1基因在种子发育中穗发芽时期表达量达到最高,进入成熟时期表达量显著降低;ABA能诱导TaJAZ1基因的表达,ABA处理下过表达拟南芥的萌发率比野生型和jaz3突变体高,ABA信号通路基因AtABI5的诱导量变低;TaJAZ1过表达水稻的萌发率高于受体水稻,ABA处理后,OsABI5的诱导量也降低。以上结果证明,TaJAZ1基因能促进种子萌发,进一步验证其在ABA信号通路中起负调控作用,为改良铭贤169等强休眠性小麦品种提供参考。Mingxian 169 is a stripe rust inducing material widely used in wheat breeding in Huanghuai wheat region of China.However,its seed dormancy time is too long,not only affecting the uniformity of germination,growth and development after sowing,but also easily leading to biological promiscuity in autumn breeding field when the grains are harvested and dropped.In this study,the differentially expressed gene TaJAZ1 was cloned and obtained by screening the transcriptomics data of its dormant and germinated seeds,and bioinformatics characteristics,subcellular localization and expression pattern of TaJAZ1 were analyzed,together with the phenotypic responses of Arabidopsis jaz3 mutant(with the highest homology with TaJAZ1),TaJAZ1 overexpression in Arabidopsis and rice.The results showed that the coding region of TaJAZ1 gene was 1230 bp in length,encoding 409 amino acids,which was highly conservative among different species and had the closest genetic relationship with JAZ1 in wild emmer.The promoter region contained ABA-responsive element ABRE and methyl jasmonate-responsive elements CGTCA-motif and TGACG-motif.The gene was located in the nucleus and cell membrane.The expression level of TaJAZ1 reached the peak at the pre-harvest sprouting stage of seed development and significantly decreased at the maturity stage.ABA induced the expression of TaJAZ1.Compared with the wild-type Arabidopsis and jaz3 mutants,the Arabidopsis overexpressing TaJAZ1 under ABA treatment exhibited higher germination rate,and the expression level of AtABI5 ABA signaling pathway was decreased.The germination rate of rice overexpressing TaJAZ1 was higher than that of the wild type,and the expression of OsABI5 was also reduced after ABA treatment.The above results indicated that TaJAZ1 promoted seed germination and further verified its negative regulatory role in ABA signaling pathway,which provided a reference for improving strong dormancy wheat varieties,such as Mingxian 169.

关 键 词：小麦(Triticum aestivum L.) 萌发 TaJAZ1 ABA 基因功能验证 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330