附加华山新麦草不同Ns染色体对小麦耐盐性的影响及其生理机制分析  

Effect of Different Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng Ns Chromosome Addition on Wheat Salt Tolerance and Physiological Mechanisms Analysis

作　　者：耿强 张亮亮 王亮明[1] 杨群慧[1] 刘淑会[1] 陈新宏[1] 武军[1] GENG Qiang;ZHANG Liangliang;WANG Liangming;YANG Qunhui;LIU Shuhui;CHEN Xinhong;WU Jun(Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering for Plant Breeding/College of Agronomy,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学农学院/陕西省植物遗传工程育种重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《麦类作物学报》2023年第9期1155-1164,共10页Journal of Triticeae Crops

基　　金：陕西省重点研发项目(2019ZDINY04-05)。

摘　　要：为了解附加华山新麦草(Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng)不同Ns染色体对小麦耐盐性的影响及其相关生理机制,以小麦-华山新麦草全套二体附加系及其亲本7182为研究对象,对其进行150 mmol·L^(-1)、250 mmol·L^(-1)NaCl溶液胁迫处理,测定其芽期和苗期的7个生长指标及6个理化指标,并进行分析比较。结果表明,盐胁迫下,供试材料芽期的芽长(SL)和根长(RL)、苗期的叶片鲜重(FW)下降最为明显;4Ns、5Ns、7Ns附加系在芽期、苗期的耐盐性显著高于受体小麦7182,其中7Ns附加系耐盐能力最强,150 mmol·L^(-1)和250mmol·L^(-1)NaCl胁迫下,耐盐等级分别为Ⅰ级(高耐)和Ⅱ级(耐盐)。盐胁迫下,5Ns、7Ns附加系叶片内SOD、POD活性最高,且叶片丙二醛(MDA)含量最低,相对电导率最小;4Ns附加系脯氨酸含量较高,丙二醛含量较少。可以认为,华山新麦草4Ns、5Ns、7Ns染色体附加到小麦后,分别依赖渗透调节、抗氧化机制增强受体小麦的耐盐能力,这些附加系材料可作为新种质应用于小麦耐盐性研究和育种。In this study,to evaluate whether Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng can be used to improve wheat salt tolerance,a whole set of wheat-Psathyrostachys huashanica Keng disomic alien addition lines and their wheat parent 7182 were used to evaluate the salt tolerance of germination and seedling stages by measuring seven physiological indicators under 150 mmol·L^(-1)and 250 mmol·L^(-1)NaCl treatments.Meanwhile,the physiological mechanism of salt tolerance was discussed by measuring six biochemical indicators in these addition lines.Results suggested that the growth of wheat was severely inhibited under salt stress,and the shoot length(SL),root length(RL)at germination stage,the fresh weight(FW)of leaves at seedling stage were most severely affected.Salt tolerance of the 4Ns,5Ns,and 7Ns addition lines was significantly higher than that of 7182.Among them,7Ns addition line showed strongest salt tolerance.5Ns and 7Ns addition lines both had higher SOD and POD activities,lower malondialdehyde(MDA)content and relative conductivity;4Ns addition line had higher proline content and lower relative conductivity.Thus,we speculated that the strong antioxidant capacity enhanced the salt tolerance of 5Ns and 7Ns addition lines,while 4Ns addition line s salt tolerance may be attributed to the strong osmotic adjustment ability.These results suggest that the 4Ns,5Ns,and 7Ns chromosomal addition lines can improve salt tolerance of wheat through different physiological mechanisms,and these addition lines can be used as new germplasms in salt-tolerant wheat research and breeding.

关 键 词：小麦 华山新麦草 附加系 耐盐 生理机制 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] S330