矸石山不同人工沙棘林土壤酶活性及养分演变特征  

Characteristics of Soil Enzyme Activities and Nutrients Evolution of Different Artificial Hippophae Rhamnoides Plantations in Coal Gangue Area

作　　者：宋达成 王理德[1,2,3] 吴昊 王飞[1,3] 王梓璇 赵赫然[1,2,3] SONG Dacheng;WANG Lide;WANG Fei;WU Hao;ZHAO Heran;WANG Zixuan(Gansu Desert Control Research Institute,Lanzhou 730070,China;Gansu Hexi Corridor Forest Ecosystem National Research Station,Wuwei,Gansu 733000,China;State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Desertification and Aeolian Sand Disaster Combating,Wuwei,Gansu 733000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省治沙研究所,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省河西走廊森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,甘肃武威733000 [3]甘肃省荒漠化与风沙灾害防治国家重点实验室培育基地,甘肃武威733000

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2023年第5期162-168,174,共8页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：甘肃省青年科技资助项目(20JR10RA468,21JR7RA734);国家自然科学基金项目(42167069)。

摘　　要：[目的]揭示哈溪双龙沟废弃矿区矸石山不同造林时期人工沙棘林土壤酶活性及养分演变特征,阐明影响区域土壤酶活性变化的主要环境因子,为祁连山及其相似山区矸石治理及生态环境的保护、修复和改善提供理论依据。[方法]基于区域4个造林时期以及3个土层剖面土壤试验数据,采用多因素相关分析、冗余分析等方法,开展矸石山人工沙棘林土壤酶活性及养分演变特征研究。[结果]各样地土壤酶活性差异显著,总体表现为造林10 a>造林5 a>造林2 a>对照荒地。伴随人工沙棘林的恢复,土壤蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶、过氧化氢酶和脲酶活性涨幅达到7.93%~238.73%,且表聚现象明显(0—5 cm);表层土壤有机质、全氮、有效钾、硝态氮和铵态氮含量不断升高,土壤速效磷波动性下降,土壤全磷变化不明显;土壤蔗糖酶、碱性磷酸酶活性分别与铵态氮含量呈显著、极显著正相关,过氧化氢酶活性与有机质呈极显著负相关,脲酶活性与全氮、速效磷、铵态氮均呈极显著正相关;全氮为影响区域土壤酶活性的主要环境因子。[结论]人工栽植沙棘能够有效提高区域物种多样性,促进植物群落构建,增加土壤养分累积及土壤酶活性提升。[Objective]This study aims to investigate the characteristics of soil enzyme activity and nutrient evolution in artificially planted Hippophae rhamnoides forests during different afforestation periods in the abandoned mining area of Shuanglonggou,Haxi.The main environmental factors affecting changes in soil enzyme activities in the region are elucidated,providing a theoretical basis for the protection,restoration,and improvement of the ecological environment of Qilian Mountains and similar mountainous areas with mining waste.[Methods]Based on soil test data from four afforestation periods and three soil profiles in the region,multiple factor correlation analysis and redundancy analysis were used to investigate the characteristics of soil enzyme activity and nutrient evolution in Hippophae rhamnoides forests in the mining waste hills.[Results]Significant differences in soil enzyme activities were observed among the different areas,with a general trend of afforestation for 10 years>afforestation for 5 years>afforestation for 2 years>control barren land.With the restoration of the artificially planted Hippophae rhamnoides forests,the activities of sucrase,alkaline phosphatase,catalase,and urease in the soil increased by 7.93%to 238.73%,and agglomeration phenomenon was observed in the surface soil(0—5 cm).The contents of soil organic matter,total nitrogen,available potassium,nitrate nitrogen,and ammonium nitrogen increased continuously in the surface soil,while the fluctuation of available phosphorus decreased and the change in total phosphorus was not significant.Soil sucrase and alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly and extremely significantly positively correlated with ammonium nitrogen content,respectively,and catalase activity was extremely significantly negatively correlated with organic matter.Urease activity was extremely significantly positively correlated with total nitrogen,available phosphorus,and ammonium nitrogen.Total nitrogen was identified as the main environmental factor affecting soi

关 键 词：矸石山 植被恢复 土壤养分 酶活性 综合评价 

分 类 号：S158[农业科学—土壤学] S153.6[农业科学—农业基础科学]