西南三江流域生境质量时空格局及其地形梯度效应  

Spatial and Temporal Pattern of Habitat Quality and Its Topographic Gradient Effect in the Three-River Basin of Southwest China

作　　者：王彤 易桂花 张廷斌[1,3] 李景吉[3,4] 别小娟 林梦男 WANG Tong;YI Guihua;ZHANG Tingbin;LI Jingji;BIE Xiaojuan;LIN Mengnan(College of Earth Science,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;College of Tourism and Urban-Rural Planning,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Synergetic Control and Joint Remediation for Soil&Water Pollution,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China;College of Ecological Environment,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学地球科学学院,成都610059 [2]成都理工大学旅游与城乡规划学院,成都610059 [3]国家环境保护水土污染协同控制与联合修复重点实验室(成都理工大学),成都610059 [4]成都理工大学生态环境学院,成都610059

出　　处：《水土保持研究》2023年第5期306-314,共9页Research of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41801099);四川省科技计划项目软科学项目(2021JDR0170);第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究(2019QZKK0307)。

摘　　要：[目的]分析土地利用变化,研究土地利用变化影响下西南三江流域生境质量的动态变化,进而为保护区域生物多样性、合理利用土地资源和实现生态环境可持续性发展提供借鉴。[方法]利用InVEST模型对2000—2020年西南三江流域生境质量的时空格局开展动态评价,利用地形位指数分析生境质量的地形分布特征。[结果]西南三江流域生境质量指数较高,维持在0.87左右,高生境质量主要分布在研究区中部和北部的昌都市、甘孜州、迪庆州、怒江州、凉山州及玉树州北部地区,低生境质量主要分布在南部的昆明市和临沧市地区。近20年间,西南三江流域平均生境质量随着地形位的升高而升高,地形梯度上的生境质量变化趋势为“两升三降”,Ⅰ、Ⅱ级生境质量上升,Ⅲ、Ⅳ和Ⅴ级生境质量下降。[结论]西南三江流域生境质量与地形显著相关,未来应关注地形对流域生境质量的影响。[Objective]The aims of this study are to analyze land use change and study the dynamic changes of habitat quality in the three southwest river basins under the influence of land use change,and then provide reference for the conservation of regional biodiversity,rational use of land resources and sustainable development of ecological environment.[Methods]The InVEST model was used to evaluate the spatial and temporal patterns of habitat quality in the Southwest Three Rivers Basin from 2000 to 2020,and the topographic distribution characteristics of habitat quality were analyzed using the topographic position index.[Results]The high habitat quality mainly distributed in the central and northern parts of the study area in Changdu City,Ganzi Prefecture,Diqing Prefecture,Nujiang Prefecture,Liangshan Prefecture and northern Yushu Prefecture,while the low habitat quality mainly distributed in the southern parts of Kunming City and Lincang City.In the past 20 years,the average habitat quality of the three southwestern rivers had increased with the rise in topographic position,and the trend of habitat quality on the topographic gradient was‘two up and three down’,with the habitat quality of class I andⅡincreasing and that of classⅢ,Ⅳand V decreasing.[Conclusion]Habitat quality in the three southwestern river basins is significantly correlated with topography,and the attention should be paid to the influence of topography on habitat quality in the basins in the future.

关 键 词：生境质量 InVEST模型 地形位指数 西南三江流域 

分 类 号：K928[历史地理—人文地理学] X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]