山羊多羔性状候选基因的研究进展  

Research progress on candidate genes of litter size trait in goats

作　　者：陈杨 刘辰晖 余婕 胡修忠 向敏 周源 赵胜兰 夏永春 程蕾 CHEN Yang;LIU Chenhui;YU Jie;HU Xiuzhong;XIANG Min;ZHOU Yuan;ZHAO Shenglan;XIA Yongchun;CHENG Lei(Wuhan Academy of Agricultural Science,Wuhan 430208,China;College of Animal Science and Technology,Huazhong Agricultural University,Wuhan 430070,China;Yunxi County QingqingMatou Goat Breeding Professional Cooperative,Yunxi 442624,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉市农业科学院,武汉430208 [2]华中农业大学动物科学技术学院,武汉430070 [3]郧西县青青马头羊养殖专业合作社,湖北郧西442624

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2023年第15期25-30,共6页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：湖北省重点研发计划项目“马头山羊健康饲养、快繁技术集成与示范”(2021BBA247)。

摘　　要：多羔性状是肉用山羊的重要经济性状之一,针对该性状的品种改良及选育一直都是产业关注的重点。随着以基因组测序为代表的分子生物学技术的不断发展,分子辅助标记及基因编辑等分子育种技术为地方山羊品种改良及多羔山羊新品种培育提供了效率高、成本低、耗时短的新路径。基于此,多羔性状候选基因的筛选及鉴定工作已成为山羊遗传改良领域的研究热点,并且取得了重要进展。文章对卵泡刺激素受体(follicle stimulating hormone receptor,FSHR)基因、促性腺激素释放激素受体(gonadotropin releasing hormone receptor,GnRHR)基因、促黄体生成素β(luteinizing hormoneβ,LHβ)基因、骨形态发生蛋白15(bone morphogenetic protein 15,BMP15)基因、骨形态发生蛋白受体1B(bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1B BMPR-1B)基因、生长分化因子9(growth differentiation factor 9,GDF9)基因、吻素(kisspeptins,KISS1)基因、视黄醇结合蛋白4(retinol-binding protein4,RBP4)基因、褪黑素受体1A(melatonin receptor 1A,MTNR1A)基因及抑制素A(inhibin A,INHA)基因等10个重要的山羊多羔性状候选基因在山羊染色体定位、RNA水平表达、单核苷酸多态性及其对多羔性状的调控机制等方面的研究现状进行了综述,以期为山羊多羔性状功能基因及重要分子标记研究提供参考。Litter size is one of the important economic traits of meat goats,in which selection has always been the focus of industry.With the development of molecular biology technology represented by genome sequencing technology,molecular breeding technology such as molecular assisted-markers and gene editing have provided new paths for local goat improving and new goat breeding with high fertility,low cost and short time.As the prerequisite and foundation for these technologies,the screening and identification of candidate genes for litter size has become a research hotspot in the field of goat genetic improvement,and important progress has been made.In this paper,the 10 important candidate genes for litter size in goats were briefly described in terms of chromosomal localization,RNA expression level,polymorphism and regulatory mechanisms for litter size in goats,including the Follicle stimulating hormone receptor(FSHR),Gonadotropin releasing Hormone receptor(CnRHR),Luteinizing hormoneβ(LHβ),Bone morphogenetic protein 15(BMP15),Bone morphogenetic protein receptor 1B(BMPR-1B),Growth differentiation factor 9(GDF9),Kisspeptins(KISS1),Retinol-binding protein(RBP4),Melatonin receptor 1A(MTNRIA)and Inhibin A(INHA),which provided reference for the study on important functional genes and molecular markers of litter size in goats.

关 键 词：山羊 多羔性状 候选基因 多态性 分子育种 

分 类 号：S827[农业科学—畜牧学] O344.13[农业科学—畜牧兽医]