基于宏基因组学分析单纯玉米秸秆饲喂对肉牛瘤胃微生物群落和CAZy的影响  

Effects of alone corn straw feeding on rumen microbial community and CAZy of beef cattle based on metagenomics

作　　者：柳美玲 王云洲 王爱华 胡士林 单虎[3] LIU Meiling;WANG Yunzhou;WANG Aihua;HU Shilin;SHAN Hu(Shandong Vocational College of Animal Science and Veterinary,Weifang 261061,China;Shandong TEAMCENE Group Co.,Ltd.,Oingdao 266100,China;College of Veterinary Medicine,Oingdao Agricultural UniversityOingdao 266109,China)

机构地区：[1]山东畜牧兽医职业学院,山东潍坊261061 [2]山东邦基集团有限公司,山东青岛266100 [3]青岛农业大学动物医学院,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2023年第15期90-97,138,共9页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：山东省牛产业技术体系项目(SDAIT-09-07);山东省农业重大技术协同推广计划项目“引入专门化肉牛品种育繁推一体化关键技术集成与示范(SDNYXTTG-2023-07)”;潍坊市科技发展计划项目(2021GX028)。

摘　　要：为了解玉米秸秆对肉牛瘤胃微生物群落和碳水化合物活性酶(carbohydrate-active enzymes,CAZy)的影响,试验随机选取3头健康、年龄和体重相近的西门塔尔杂交肉牛,在试验开始的第1天采集瘤胃液(1组,样品分别标记为swqym1、swqym2、swqym3),然后连续单纯饲喂玉米秸秆3个月,在试验的最后1天再次采集瘤胃液(2组,样品分别标记为swhym1、swhym2、swhym3),利用宏基因组技术分析两组样品瘤胃液中微生物群落和CAZy的变化,在属水平上对物种丰度进行PCA分析,分别选取两组相对丰度排名前10位的门水平和种水平物种进行分析,对组间差异物种及CAZy功能进行Metastat分析。结果表明:1组和2组样品均能独自聚类,且两组样品之间的距离较远;2组黏胶球菌门(Lentisphaerae)和浮霉菌门(Planctomycetes)、梭菌(s_Clostridiales bacterium)的相对丰度显著高于1组(P<0.05),粪芽孢菌亚种CAG:826(s_Coprobacillus sp.CAG:826)的相对丰度显著低于1组(P<0.05);梭菌科嗜碱菌属(f_Clostridiaceae_g_Alkaliphilus)相对丰度极显著高于1组(Q<0.01)。与1组相比,2组UDP-3-O-酰基N-乙酰氨基葡萄糖脱乙酰酶(EC 3.5.1.-)、花青素3-O-葡萄糖基转移酶(EC 2.4.1.115)、花青素3-O-半乳糖基转移酶(EC 2.4.1.-)的相对丰度显著增加(Q<0.05),α-l-鼠李糖苷酶(EC 3.2.1.40)的相对丰度极显著下降(P<0.01),内切木糖半乳糖醛酸水解酶(EC 3.2.1-)、外切聚半乳糖醛酸酶(EC 3.2.1.67)、外切多聚半乳糖甘酶(EC 3.2.1.82)、多聚半乳糖醛酸酶(EC 3.2.1.15)、鼠李糖半乳糖醛酸酶(EC 3.2.1.171)、d-4,5-不饱和β-葡萄糖醛酸水解酶(EC 3.2.1.-)、β-半乳糖苷酶(EC 3.2.1.23)、内切-β-1,4-半乳聚糖酶(EC 3.2.1.89)的相对丰度显著下降(P<0.05)。说明玉米秸秆可以改变肉牛瘤胃微生物群落和CAZy的相对丰度。In order to understand the effects of cornstalk on rumen microbial community and CAZy of beef cattle,three healthy Simmental crossbred beef cattles with similar age and body weight were randomly selected as the study subjects.The rumen fluid(group 1,labeled swqyml,swqym2,swqym3)was collected on the first day at the beginning of the experiment,and the animals were fed pure corn straw continuously for three months,and rumen fluid(group 2,labeled swhyml,swhym2,swhym3)was collected again on the last day of the experiment.Macrogenomic technology was used to analyse the changes in microbial community and CAZy in rumen fluid in both groups.The species abundance was analyzed by PCA at the genus level.The relative abundance of top 10 species at phylum level and species level were analyzed,and the differential species and CAZy between the two groups were analyzed by Metastat.The results showed that:the samples in groups 1 and 2 could cluster independently,and the distance between the two groups was far.The relative abundance of Lentisphaerae,Planctomycetes and s_Clostridiales bacterium was significantly higher than that in group 1(P<0.05).The relative abundance of s_Coprobacillus sp.CAG:826 in group 2 was significantly lower than group 1(P<0.05).The relative abundance of f_Clostridiaceae_g_Alkaliphilus in group 2 was significantly higher than that in group 1(P<0.01).Compared with group 1,the abundance of UDP-3-0-acyl N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase(EC 3.5.1.-),anthocyanidin 3-0-glucosyltransferase(EC 2.4.1.115)and anthocyanin 3-0-galactosyltransferase(EC 2.4.1.-)was significantly increased(P<0.05),and the abundance of alpha--rhamnosidase(EC 3.2.1.40)was significantly decreased(P<0.01),at the same time,the abundance of endo-xylogalacturonan hydrolasse(EC 3.2.1-),exo-polygalacturonase(EC 3.2.1.67),polygalacturonase(EC 3.2.1.15),rhamnogalacturonase(EC 3.2.1.171),d-4,5-unsaturated beta-glucuronyl hydrolase(EC 3.2.1.-),and endo-beta-1,4-galactanase(EC 3.2.1.89)was significantly decreased(P<0.05).The results suggested that corns

关 键 词：宏基因组学 玉米秸秆 肉牛 瘤胃微生物群落 碳水化合物活性酶类 

分 类 号：S816.5[农业科学—饲料科学] Q78[农业科学—畜牧学]