白三叶种子的适宜收获时期研究  

Study on suitable harvest time of white clover seeds

作　　者：张瑞博[1] 李道明[1] 高超[1] 刘俊峰 吕志尧 申忠宝[1] 潘多锋[1] 王建丽[1] ZHANG Ruibo;LI Daoming;GAO Chao;LIU Junfeng;LYU Zhiyao;SHEN Zhongbao;PAN Duofeng;WANG Jianli(Institute of Forage and Grassland Sciences,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农业科学院草业研究所,哈尔滨150086

出　　处：《黑龙江畜牧兽医》2023年第15期103-107,共5页Heilongjiang Animal Science And veterinary Medicine

基　　金：黑龙江省农业科学院青年基金项目(2020FJZX038);黑龙江省农业科学院创新跨越工程中试项目(2020ZSXM007)。

摘　　要：为了明确哈尔滨地区白三叶(Trifolium repens)种子的适宜收获时期,试验以“菁牧2号”白三叶新品种为对象,采用田间观测和室内测定相结合的方法进行了不同收获期(初花期后第35,40,45,50,55,60,65,70天)白三叶的花序数、成熟花序数、花序小花数、花序荚果数、荚果种子数、种子产量(表现种子产量、实际种子产量)、千粒重、发芽率及活力指数等指标的比较与分析。结果表明:收获时期对白三叶种子产量和质量影响明显,随着收获时期的延长,白三叶的花序数、成熟花序数、花序小花数、花序荚果数、荚果种子数、表现种子产量、实际种子产量、千粒重、发芽率和种子活力指数等基本上都呈现出先增加后降低的趋势。所有指标都是在初花后第60天和65天达到或接近最大值,此时的实际种子产量较高,在34.80~36.91 g/m^(2)之间,发芽率为87.3%~91.8%,并且显著高于前期收获(初花期后第35~55天)。说明在哈尔滨地区,白三叶种子的最佳收获期为初花期后第60~65天。In order to determine the suitable harvest time of white clover(Trifolium repens)seeds in Harbin region,in this experiment,a new white trifolium variety"Jingmu No.2"was selected as the research object.By adopting the combination of field observation and indoor measurement method,the flower number,mature flowering number,inflorescence floret number,inflorescence pod number,pod seed number,seed yield(expression seed yield,actual seed yield),thousand-grain weight,germination rate and vigor index of white clover were compared and analyzed at different harvesting time(35,40,45,50,55,60,65 and 70 days after initial flowering stage).The results showed that the harvest time had a significant effect on the seed yield and quality of white clover.The flower number,mature flowers number,inflorescence floret number,inflorescence pod number,pod seed number,expression seed yield,actual seed yield,thousand-grain weight,germination rate and seed vigor index basically increased at first and then decreased with the delay of harvest time.All the indexes reached or approached the maximum value on the 60th and 65th day after initial flowering,the actual seed yield was higher,ranging from 34.80 g/m?to 36.90 g/m^(2),and the germination rates ranged from 87.3%to 91.8%,which were significantly higher than the previous harvest(35-55 days after initial flowering).Hence,the results suggested that the best harvest time of white clover seed in Harbin region was 60 days to 65 days after initial flowering.

关 键 词：白三叶 收获时期 种子产量 花序数 发芽率 

分 类 号：S541.2[农业科学—作物学]