脉敏(Marma):阿育吠陀中的“腧穴”  

Marmas,“Acupoints”in Ayurveda

作　　者：史宇兵 杨洪义 乔海法 Jun Fu Shi Yubing;Yang Hongyi;Qiao Haifa;Jun Fu(Institute of Integrative Medicine,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang 712046,China;College of Acupuncture and Tuina,Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine,Xianyang 712046,China;VIAVI Solutions UK Limited,Stevenage,SG12AN,UK)

机构地区：[1]陕西中医药大学整合医学研究院,陕西咸阳712046 [2]陕西中医药大学针灸推拿学院,陕西咸阳712046 [3]VIAVI Solutions UK Limited,Stevenage,SG12AN,UK

出　　处：《亚太传统医药》2023年第8期1-6,共6页Asia-Pacific Traditional Medicine

基　　金：陕西省中医药管理局科研基金(2021-ZZ-JC009);陕西省自然科学基金(2021JM-468,2023-JC-021)。

摘　　要：脉敏在印度传统医学阿育吠陀中指人体上用于对疾病诊断治疗的许多脆弱或敏感部位。关于脉敏的知识是阿育吠陀理论和实践的重要基础,就像腧穴对于中医一样意义重大,但是目前国内对此研究很少。在学习和整理国外关于脉敏文献的基础上,介绍脉敏的含义、起源、发展和临床治疗方法等。阿育吠陀中重要脉敏的总数为107个,包括一系列的解剖结构如皮肤、骨骼、关节、神经和内脏。在阿育吠陀中通过对特定脉敏部位进行按摩、指压、元气疗愈、涂抹草药膏、刺脉放血、针刺、热疗或烧灼等操作以达到治疗目的。这些知识可为传统医学尤其是中医针灸按摩研究提供参考。Marmas refers to those vulnerable or sensitive parts of the human body used for diagnosis and treatment of diseases in the traditional Indian medicine Ayurveda.Knowledge of Marma is one of the important foundations in the theory and practice of Ayurveda,just as acupoints are of great significance to the traditional Chinese medicine.However,presently there is little study on Marma in China.After studying Marma and compiling the related international literatures,this paper introduced the definition of Marma,its origin,growth,and clinical therapeutic techniques.There are 107important Marmas in Ayurveda,including a series of anatomical structures such as skin,bones,joints,nerves and viscera.In Ayurveda,therapy is achieved through massage,acupressure,vitality healing,application of herbal ointment,blood pricking,acupuncture,thermotherapy or cauterization applied on specific Marma points.These knowledges can be used as a reference for researchers in traditional medicine in China,especially for those in the field of acupuncture and massage.

关 键 词：脉敏 阿育吠陀 传统医学 腧穴 

分 类 号：R79[医药卫生—临床医学] R245.2