中国公司法的正义性品格及其法律制度实现  

Justice Character of Chinese Company Law and Realization of Its Legal System

作　　者：赵万一 Zhao Wanyi

机构地区：[1]西南医科大学 [2]西南政法大学

出　　处：《法学》2023年第8期151-171,共21页Law Science

摘　　要：面对复杂多变的社会经济环境和日新月异的科学技术发展,中国作为负责任大国,有必要对市场经济关键主体的运行规则进行价值性引领和创新性设计,并为其法律实现机制探索出一条既符合人类正义文明需要又独具特色的中国道路。中国公司法的终极性建构目标应是对以人为本、经济富强、自由民主、社会文明和生态和谐等多位一体的社会主义正义观的贯彻和践行。在具体制度设计上应具象为兼具高度自治与多元包容、自律合规、道德引领及绿色发展等多组对立统一的尚善行为守则。但就其阶段性目标而言,中国公司法的正义秉性更应侧重于对其经济正义品性的塑造,这种建构目标在现阶段不仅具有充分的正当性基础和丰饶的社会基础,而且其所产生的制度价值也可对国家富强、民族复兴和人类文明发展产生巨大的辐射效应。为了实现以经济正义为主导的公司法建构目标,应对现行公司法从设计理念到基本原则、从宏观架构到具体制度进行调整和完善,具体包括将最大诚信、维护交易安全、意思自治、社会责任确立为公司法基本原则;增强公司的存续能力,通过弱约束性规则赋予公司适当的类型选择自由;引入道德资本的概念,强化资本的社会属性;将刑法对公司活动的干预由外挂式改为内嵌式,充分发挥刑法对公司正当行为和权益的保障作用。With the rapid development of science and technology and the increasingly complicated social and economic environment,China should play an active role in guiding the value systems embedded in the major participants'operation principles in market economy,as well as creatively designing a Chinese way towards the legal realization of Company Law.The Chinese way is not only in accordance with justice in human civilizations but also characterized by Chinese features.The ultimate goal of Company Law in China is to carry out the socialist perspective of justice and put the perspective into practice.Such perspective integrates various value systems such as people-oriented principle,economic prosperity,political democracy,social civilization,and ecological harmony.The designing of specific regulations should follow the code of benevolent conduct,including the high degree of autonomy,diversity and inclusion,autonomy and compliance,moral guidance,and green development.As regard to the current stage,the goal of Company Law should be the shaping of its economic justice nature.Such a goal is not only well justified but also based on the prosperous social foundation.The accomplishment of the goal will further promote the prosperity of China,the rejuvenation of the Chinese nation,and the development of human civilization.To accomplish the goal of constructing a company law guided by economic justice,the current Company Law should be further adjusted and improved from designing concept to basic principles,and from specific regulations to macro structure.The further adjustment and improvement should be guided by the basic principles of utmost good faith,maintenance of transaction security,autonomy of will,and social responsibility.Companies should be given more chances to continue their existence such as setting weakly-binding regulations allowing companies to freely choose company types.The concept of moral capital should also be introduced to strengthen the social nature of capitals.The Criminal Law should be integrated instead

关 键 词：中国公司法 正义性品格 终极正义 经济正义 法律实现 

分 类 号：D922.291.91[政治法律—经济法学]