“中国文化直根系”的考古学新解——兼谈牛河梁遗址的考古新发现  

A New Archaeological Interpretation on"Chinese Culture Lineage"-According to the Recent Archaeological Discoveries at Niuheliang Site

作　　者：贾笑冰[1] 王轩龙 Jia Xiaobing;Wang Xuanlong

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院考古研究所 [2]朝阳市牛河梁遗址管理处

出　　处：《北方文物》2023年第4期42-46,共5页Northern Cultural Relics

基　　金：科技部国家重点研发项目中华文明探源研究“北方长城地带文明进程研究”(课题编号:2020YFC1521601);国家文物局考古中国重大项目“红山社会文明化进程研究”阶段性成果。

摘　　要：虽然燕山南北长城地带地处史书记载的中心之外,活跃在这一区域的红山文化的重要特征却显示其不仅是中华文明形成与发展过程中重要的参与者和精神内涵的贡献者,也是中国文化传统的重要源头。从古代礼制体系的形成与发展、建筑特征与规范两个方面入手,结合牛河梁遗址考古发掘的最新收获,以新的考古资料论证红山文化是“中国文化的直根系”,对中国传统文化产生了深远的影响。牛河梁遗址新的考古发现显示,红山社会对祭祀礼仪和社会关系的规范是完善的礼制雏形;第一地点中轴对称的建筑布局是传统大型礼仪建筑的先声。Though the area beyond the Great Wall was documented outside of the Center in the historical records,the important features of Hongshan culture known from this area showed that this area was not only an important participant and spiritual contributor,but also a fundamental origin in the formation and development of Chinese civilization.This paper proved that Hongshan culture was the"Chinese culture lineage"and had a profound impact on the traditional Chinese culture by focusing on the formation and development of the ancient ritual system,and the characteristics and norms of the architecture,taking into account the latest archaeological discoveries at the Niuheliang site.The new archaeological discoveries of Niuheliang Site indicated that the norms of sacrificial rites and the social relations in Hongshan society were the prototype of the ritual system.The axisymmetric architectures in N1 might be the prelude for the large-scale Chinese traditional ceremonial buildings.

关 键 词：文化直根系 牛河梁遗址 红山社会 礼制 礼仪建筑 

分 类 号：K871.13[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]