辽宁建平县马鞍桥山新石器时代遗址的发现与认识  

Discovery and Understanding of Maanqiaoshan Neolithic Site in Jianping County,Liaoning Province

作　　者：樊圣英 刘超 李波 Fan Shengying;Liu Chao;Li Bo

机构地区：[1]辽宁省文物考古研究院(辽宁省文物保护中心) [2]朝阳市文物考古研究所 [3]建平县博物馆

出　　处：《北方文物》2023年第4期65-72,共8页Northern Cultural Relics

摘　　要：马鞍桥山遗址是辽宁省内目前已发掘的面积最大的一处新石器时代的聚落址,年代为红山文化早期阶段,绝对年代为距今6000—6400年。根据H30出土的遗物特征,确认该遗址还有早于红山文化的兴隆洼文化遗存,说明该遗址前后延续使用时间较长,文化内涵非常丰富。聚落址内各功能区经过精心规划和布局,居住区外围有正南北向人工挖掘的形制规整的环壕围绕,与居住相关的遗迹均分布于其内部;祭祀活动区位于聚落的西北部,是一处经过精心规划设计与营建的大型的中心活动场所,它在红山文化聚落址的发掘中尚属首次。说明马鞍桥山遗址是一处兼具生活与祭祀等功能于一体的聚落址,填补了红山文化缺少低等级祭祀遗存的空白,突破了以往我们对红山文化遗址内涵的认知,为探究红山文化祭祀制度、红山社会等级分层及红山聚落区域分化提供宝贵资料。Maanqiaoshan Site is the largest Neolithic Settlement site that has been excavated in Liaoning,with an age of the early phase of Hangshan Culture,and an absolute age of 6000-6400 years ago.Based on the remains feature of H30,this site contained cultural relics of Xinglongwa Culture which was earlier than Hongshan Culture,indicating that this site lasted a long time with rich cultural contents.The settlement was well planned and organized,the resident area was surrounded by an artificial and well-structured moat,remains related to residence were discovered inside the moat.The sacrifice area,which was a large center venue of being well planned and constructed,and first excavated in Hongshan Culture,was discovered in the northwest of the settlement area.The discovery showed that Maanqiaoshan Site was a settlement site with the functions of daily life and sacrifice,which filled the gap that it lacked low-class sacrifice remains in Hongshan Culture,breaking through the existing understanding of Hongshan Culture contents,and provide valuable data to study the sacrifice system,social hierarchy,and function zoning in Hongshan Culture.

关 键 词：辽西地区 红山文化 聚落址 环壕 祭祀遗存 

分 类 号：K871.13[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]