山西某化工厂周边农田土壤重金属污染风险评价  

Risk Assessment of Heavy Metal Pollution in Farmland Soil Around a Chemical Plant in Shanxi

作　　者：李强 董金龙[2] 李艺璇 薛录 刘庚 刘斌[3] LI Qiang;DONG Jinlong;LI Yixuan;XUE Lu;LIU Geng;LIU Bin(School of Geographical Sciences,Taiyuan Normal University,Taiyuan 030619,China;College of Chemistry and Materials,Taiyuan Normal University,Taiyuan 030619,China;Institute of Molecular Science,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]太原师范学院地理科学学院,山西太原030619 [2]太原师范学院化学与材料学院,山西太原030619 [3]山西大学分子科学研究所,山西太原030006

出　　处：《山西大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第4期941-950,共10页Journal of Shanxi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41401236);山西省“1331工程”项目(2018);太原师范学院大学生创新创业项目(CXCY2222)。

摘　　要：为了探明化工厂对周边农田土壤重金属的污染情况,本文以山西省长治市某化工厂为研究区域,采用梅花法布设采样点位在其周边采集了46份土壤检测样品。利用化学分析法,按照GB5085.3-2007标准,检测了样品中As、Hg、Cd、Cr、Cu、Ni、Pb和Zn 8种元素的含量。从元素含量特征、相关性和空间分布格局三方面对土壤的污染进行了风险的综合评估,结果显示,在研究区的各样品中,大部分元素的平均含量均低于《土壤环境质量农用地土壤风险管控标准(试行)》中的风险筛选值;而以山西省的土壤环境的背景值为依据,As、Cd、Cr、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Zn 8种元素超标率分别为100%、100%、45.66%、50%、65.22%、71.74%、100%和80.43%。内梅罗综合污染指数评价结果表明,Hg元素的单项污染指数(Pi)最大值是8.17,造成该区域综合污染指数(P综)的最大值是6,属于重污染;但是平均值和最小值分别为2.46和1.66,属于中污染和轻污染;整体上看,研究区域土壤达到了中度累积污染的水平,均为低潜在生态危害。In order to explore the pollution of heavy metals in the surrounding farmland soil by chemical plants,the surrounding area of a chemical plant in Changzhi City in Shanxi Province was selected as the research area in this paper,and 46 soil testing samples were collected using the plum blossom sampling method.The contents of As,Hg,Cd,Cr,Cu,Ni,Pb and Zn in the samples were detected by chemical analysis according to the standard of GB5085.3-2007.The risk of soil pollution was comprehensively assessed from the three aspects of element content characteristics,correlation and spatial distribution pattern.The results showed that the average content of most heavy metal elements in the soil samples in the study area was lower than the risk screening value in the GB15618-2018"Soil Environmental Quality Agricultural Land Soil Risk Control Standard(Trial)".However,based on the background value of the soil environment in Shanxi Province,the exceeding rates of As,Cd,Cr,Cu,Hg,Ni,Pb and Zn 8 elements were 100%,100%,45.66%,50%,65.22%,71.74%,100%and 80.43%,respectively.The evaluation results of Nemeiro's comprehensive pollution index showed that the maximum single pollution index Pi of Hg was 8.17,and the maximum value of the comprehensive pollution index P in this area was 6,which belonged to heavy pollution.However,the average and minimum values were 2.46 and 1.66,which belonged to medium pollution and light pollution,respectively.On the whole,the soil in the study area has reached the level of moderate cumulative pollution,which shows a low potential ecological hazard.

关 键 词：化工厂 农田 重金属污染 风险评价 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程] X820.4