芦芽山阔叶林土壤中腐殖酸和富里酸的提取与表征研究  

Study on Isolation and Characterization of Soil Humic Acid and Fulvic Acid in Broadleaf Forest from Luya Mountain

作　　者：郝港利 邓文博 刘文娟 HAO Gangli;DENG Wenbo;LIU Wenjuan(Institute of Loess Plateau,Shanxi University,Taiyuan 030006,China)

机构地区：[1]山西大学黄土高原研究所,山西太原030006

出　　处：《山西大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第4期961-968,共8页Journal of Shanxi University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41907277);山西省自然科学基金(20210302123459);山西省高等学校科技创新项目(2019L0038和2019L0071);山西省第十一批百人计划项目。

摘　　要：腐殖酸(HA)和富里酸(FA)对土壤肥力和污染物的迁移转化有重要的调节作用。为探究山西省典型山地森林土壤中HA和FA的结构特征、理化性质和应用潜力,文章对芦芽山阔叶林土壤中HA和FA进行了调查分析。结果表明,与其他来源的腐殖质相比,芦芽山土壤中的HA和FA的芳香性、分子量和腐殖化程度均处于较高水平,二者苯环侧链上都有丰富的含氧基团;芦芽山土壤HA和FA表面基团类型基本一致,二者均含有木质素、脂肪族和芳香族结构,但是不同基团的含量差别很大,其中FA羧基的含量占总酸性基团含量的86.86%,而HA羧基仅占总酸性基团的46.22%;HA分子量的98.2%集中在中高分子量部分,FA则全部集中在中低分子量部分,计算得出HA和FA的粒子半径分别为3.82 nm和2.14 nm,这些结果表明FA在土壤中的迁移能力比HA更强。此外,HA和FA的分子量分布宽度指数均超过2,表明二者皆为宽分布高分子有机物,均适合作为修复环境污染的环保材料。文章结果丰富了我国土壤有机质数据库,并可为未来基于土壤腐殖质修复重金属和有机污染物相关研究提供参考。Humic acid(HA) and fulvic acid(FA) play important regulation role on soil fertility as well as pollutant migration and transformation. In order to explore the structural characteristics, physicochemical properties and application potential of HA and FA in typical mountain forest soils from Shanxi Province, this study has investigated and analyzed HA and FA in soils of the broadleaved forest of Luya Mountain. The results demonstrated that compared with humus from different sources, the HA and FA from sampled soil had a higher level on aromaticity, molecular weight and degree of humification. They both had abundant oxygen-containing groups on the side chains of the benzene rings. The HA and FA had basically the same surface group types and both contained lignin, aliphatic and aromatic structures. But the content of different groups varied greatly, the content of carboxyl groups on FA accounted for 86.86% of the total acid groups, while the carboxyl groups on HA only accounted for 46.22%;98.2% molecular weight of HA was concentrated in the middle and high weight part, and FA was all concentrated in the middle and low weight part.The particle sizes of the HA and FA were 3.77 nm and 2.13 nm, respectively, indicating that the FA had a stronger ability to migrate in soil than that of the HA. In addition, breadth parameter of molecular weight distribution of the HA and FA exceeded 2, indicating that the HA and FA were broad-distributed macromolecular organic compounds and were suitable as environmental protection materials for remediation of environmental pollution. The results of this study enrich the database of soil organic substance in China and provide essential data for future studies on soil humus remediation of heavy metals and organic pollutants.

关 键 词：土壤 腐殖酸 富里酸 阔叶林 芦芽山 

分 类 号：X833[环境科学与工程—环境工程]