史前考古墓葬研究述评  

Review of Prehistoric Archaeological Research into Ancient Tombs

作　　者：徐诗雨 XU Shiyu

机构地区：[1]北京大学考古文博学院,北京市100871

出　　处：《华夏考古》2023年第3期147-156,共10页Huaxia Archaeology

摘　　要：作为考古学研究的基础对象,墓葬遗存对了解少有文字记载的史前社会尤为重要。从历时角度看来,以欧美为代表的西方史前墓葬研究基本经历了由关注文化编年、侧重社会组织分析、强调墓葬情境到反思前人研究的四个发展阶段。其中,20世纪90年代克里斯托弗·卡尔(Christopher Carr)对何者影响墓葬遗存的讨论,或为墓葬研究提供了一套相较全面可行的分析指标。相比之下,中西史前墓葬研究在理论取向、历时性分析和民族考古学的应用方面存在较显著的差异。As one of the main topics of archaeological research,mortuary remains are particularly crucial for understanding prehistoric societies with few written records.Regarding mortuary practices,archaeology in Europe and North America has generally undergone four stages of development,from focusing on cultural history,social organization,and mortuary context to reflecting on previous studies.Among them,Christopher Carr's discourse,which explored what influenced mortuary practices in the 1990s,can provide a set of comprehensive and feasible analytical indicators for mortuary studies.Moreover,in the discussion of prehistoric mortuary practices,there are significant differences between China and the West in terms of theoretical orientation,diachronic analysis,and the application of ethnic archaeology.

关 键 词：史前考古 墓葬研究 社会组织 精神观念 

分 类 号：K878.8[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]