剑麻“3414”肥料效应研究  

Study on the Effect of Fertilizer Based on“3414”Test of Sisal

作　　者：谭施北[1] 习金根[1] 陈河龙[1] 黄兴[1] 吴伟怀[1] 易克贤[1,2] TAN Shibei;XI Jingen;CHEN Helong;HUANG Xing;WU Weihuai;YI Kexian(Environment and Plant Protection Institute,CATAS/Key Laboratory of Low Carbon Green Agriculture in Tropical China,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Sanya Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Sanya,Hainan 572025,China)

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院环境与植物保护研究所/农业农村部热带农业绿色低碳重点实验室,海南海口571101 [2]中国热带农业科学院三亚研究院,海南三亚572025

出　　处：《热带农业科学》2023年第7期1-9,共9页Chinese Journal of Tropical Agriculture

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金面上项目(No.321MS073);中国热带农业科学院基本科研业务费专项(No.1630042021027);国家麻类产业技术体系建设专项资金资助(No.CARS-16-E16)。

摘　　要：采用“3414”肥料效应试验方案,研究了剑麻氮磷钾肥推荐用量及养分吸收状况,为剑麻科学精准施肥提供参考。结果表明,N_(2)P_(2)K_(2)处理收获叶片数和鲜叶产量均最高,其N、P_(2)O_(5)、K_(2)O施用量分别为163.9、71.1、310.1 kg/hm^(2),比例为1.0∶0.4∶1.9。试验区土壤N、P含量均处于中等水平,土壤K含量处于低水平;叶片N含量偏高,P含量适宜,而K含量偏低,说明钾素是限制该区域剑麻产量的主要因素。随着叶片收获,不同处理平均N、P、K带走量分别为273.4、29.0、292.8 kg/hm^(2)。本试验条件下,推荐氮磷钾肥用量分别为N 126.2~141.0、P_(2)O_(5)59.0~65.8、K_(2)O 252.7~280.6 kg/hm^(2),折尿素274.3~306.5 kg/hm^(2),过磷酸钙368.8~411.3 kg/hm^(2),氯化钾421.1~467.7 kg/hm^(2),平均分别为N 133.6 kg/hm^(2)、P_(2)O_(5)62.4 kg/hm^(2)、K_(2)O 266.7 kg/hm^(2),N∶P_(2)O_(5)∶K_(2)O=1.0∶0.5∶2.0。To obtain the scientific and accurate rates of sisal production fertilizer,the recommended rates of NPK and nutrient absorption were studied by using the“3414”fertilizer effect test.The results showed that the number of harvested leaves and the yield of fresh leaves were the highest under N_(2)P_(2)K_(2)treatment,and the application rates of N,P2O5,and K_(2)O of which were 163.9,71.1,and 310.1 kg·hm^(–2),respectively,with the ratio 1.0:0.4:1.9.The content of N and P in soil was at a medium level,while the content of K was at a low level,in the experimental area.The content of N in sisal leaves was higher,the content of P was suitable,and the content of K was lower.K is the main factor limiting sisal yield in this area.With the harvest of leaves every year,the average removal amount of N,P,and K were 273.4,29.0,and 292.8 kg·hm^(–2),respectively.Under this test condition,the recommended rates of N,P2O5,and K_(2)O were 126.2~141.0,59.0~65.8,252.7~280.6 kg·hm^(–2),equivalent to the urea,calcium superphosphate,and potassium chloride 274.3~306.5,368.8~411.3,421.1~467.7 kg·hm^(–2),respectively.The average values of N,P2O5,K_(2)O were 133.6,62.4,266.7 kg·hm^(–2),respectively,with the radios 1.0:0.5:2.0.

关 键 词：剑麻 肥料 3414试验 推荐施肥 

分 类 号：S563.8[农业科学—作物学]