保护气体对ER5356铝合金焊丝熔滴过渡及电弧稳定性的影响  

Effect of Shielding Gas on Droplet Transfer and Arc Stability of ER5356 Aluminum Alloy Wire

作　　者：陈浩欣 张天理 武雯 朱志明[2] 林三宝[3] 荆文[4] 武鹏博 CHEN Haoxin;ZHANG Tianli;WU Wen;ZHU Zhiming;LIN Sanbao;JING Wen;WU Pengbo(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620,China;Department of Mechanical Engineering,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China;State Key Laboratory of Advanced Welding and Bonding,Harbin Institute of Technology,Harbin 150001,China;Harbin Welding Institute Limited Company,Harbin 150028,China)

机构地区：[1]上海工程技术大学材料科学与工程学院,上海201620 [2]清华大学机械工程系,北京100084 [3]哈尔滨工业大学先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室,黑龙江哈尔滨150001 [4]中国机械总院集团哈尔滨焊接研究所有限公司,黑龙江哈尔滨150028

出　　处：《电焊机》2023年第8期46-54,共9页Electric Welding Machine

基　　金：先进焊接与连接国家重点实验室开放课题研究基金项目(AWJ-22M18);上海市Ⅲ类高峰学科—材料科学与工程(高能束智能加工与绿色制造)。

摘　　要：采用ER5356铝合金焊丝对6 mm厚的5083-H111铝合金进行了MIG焊接试验,通过焊接质量分析平台和高速摄像机采集分析了100%Ar、75%Ar+25%He、50%Ar+50%He和100%He四种保护气体下的电弧熔滴过渡形貌和电信号特征。结果表明:随着保护气体中He比例的增加,电弧形貌由钟罩形向扁束状转变,电弧底部有收缩的趋势,电弧光亮的弧柱区域面积减少;电弧电压升高,焊接电流变大,导致电弧收缩和电弧密度提高,从而影响了焊丝的熔化速率,增加了熔滴过渡的频次,焊接电流概率密度曲线变化不大,电弧电压概率密度曲线发散较明显,熔滴过渡趋于不稳定,从短路过渡向亚射流过渡转变,但是熔滴尺寸均匀性变差,熔滴颗粒不均匀。总体来说随着He的增加,电弧稳定性较差,但熔滴过渡形式得到了一定的改善。This article used ER5356 aluminum alloy welding wire to conduct MIG welding experiments on 6mm thick 5083-H111 aluminum alloy.The welding quality analysis platform and high-speed camera were used to collect and analyze the arc droplet morphology and electrical signals with four different shielding gases:100%Ar,75%Ar+25%He,50%Ar+50%He,and 100%He.The results show that as the proportion of He gas in the shielding gas increases,the arc morphology changes from bell shaped to flat bundle shaped,and there is a trend of contraction at the bottom of the arc.The area of the bright arc column area decreases;As the arc voltage increases,the welding current increases,leading to arc shrinkage and an increase in arc density,which affects the melting rate of the welding wire and increases the frequency of droplet transfer.The welding current probability density curve does not change much,while the arc voltage probability density curve diverges significantly.The droplet transfer tends to be unstable,transitioning from short circuit transfer to sub jet transfer,but the uniformity of droplet size decreases and the droplet particles are uneven.Overall,with the increase of He,the stability of the arc is poor.However,the droplet transfer mode is improved to some extent.

关 键 词：保护气体 铝合金焊丝 电弧稳定性 熔滴过渡 

分 类 号：TG442[金属学及工艺—焊接]