基于参数法的西汉帝陵封土土壤粒度端元分析  

End Element Analysis of the Granularity of the Soil in theWestern Han Dynasty Mausoleum Based on Parameter Method

作　　者：董莉丽[1] 杨波[1] DONG Lili;YANG Bo(College of Geography and Environment,Xianyang Normal University,Xianyang 712000,Shaanxi,China)

机构地区：[1]咸阳师范学院地理与环境学院,陕西咸阳712000

出　　处：《咸阳师范学院学报》2023年第4期46-52,共7页Journal of Xianyang Normal University

基　　金：陕西省教育厅重点科研计划项目(20JZ100)。

摘　　要：利用土壤粒度分布特征和端元模型法,对西汉帝陵封土土壤粒度数据进行了分析。研究结果表明,帝陵封土土壤粒度频率图和累积图与典型黄土的基本相似,且各土壤粒度参数都在典型黄土对应的参数值范围内。在土壤粒度数据中分离出四个端元组分,分别为EM1(0.88μm)、EM2(3.96μm)、EM3(8.50μm)和EM4(22.43μm)。其中,EM1为成壤组分;EM2和EM3对应西风气流作用下高空长距离悬浮粉尘堆积,但EM2和EM3百分比呈极显著负相关关系,表明二者沉积方式不同;EM4则对应冬季风作用下近地面短距离悬移粉尘堆积。EM4百分占比最高,表明近地层冬季风是粉尘搬运的主要机制。西汉康陵封土在2000多年来,有不到5%的风成粉粒受到了风化成土作用,但可能由于地表径流的侵蚀作用而低估了成土作用。本研究进一步证实了帝陵封土是由地质历史时期形成的风成黄土夯筑而成。Based on the distribution characteristics of soil granularity and the end element model,the characteristics of the granularity data of the soil from the imperial tombs of the Western Han Dynasty were analyzed.The results show that the granularity frequency diagram and cumulative diagram of the soil are basically similar to those of typical loess,and the granularity parameters of the soil are within the corresponding parameter values of typical loess.Four terminal components are separated from soil granularity data,which are EM1(0.88μm),EM2(3.96μm),EM3(8.50μm),and EM4(22.43μm)in this paper.Among them,EM1 is the soil-forming component,EM2 and EM3 correspond to suspended dust accumulation from a long distance in the upper air under the action of westerly flow.The percentage of EM2 and EM3 is extremely significantly negatively correlated,indicating that the two deposition modes are different.EM4 corresponds to the short-range deposition of suspended particulate matter near the ground under the action of winter winds.Since the percentage of EM4 is the highest,it indicates that the winter monsoon near the ground is the main mechanism of dust transport.In the past 2000 years,less than 5%of the eolian silt has been weathered into the soil,but the soil formation may be underestimated due to the erosion of surface runoff.This study further confirmed that the imperial mausoleum was built by eolian loess deposits formed in the geological history.

关 键 词：土壤粒度 端元分析 黄土 成土作用 

分 类 号：P941.74[天文地球—自然地理学]