上海市浦东新区餐饮场所蜚蠊侵害及携带肠道病原体分析  

An analysis of cockroach infestation and its intestinal pathogens in catering places in Pudong New Area,Shanghai,China

作　　者：刘俊[1,2] 林晨 元永艇 于思雨 刘婧怡[1,2] 李慧慧 冯磊 顾盈培 刘汉昭[1,2] LIU Jun;LIN Chen;YUAN Yong-ting;YU Si-yu;LIU Jing-yi;LI Hui-hui;FENG Lei;GU Ying-pei;LIU Han-zhao(Shanghai Pudong New Area Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Shanghai 200136,China;Fudan University Pudong Institute of Preventive Medicine,Shanghai 200136,China)

机构地区：[1]上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心病媒生物控制与寄生虫病防制科,上海200136 [2]复旦大学浦东预防医学研究院,上海200136

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2023年第4期467-471,共5页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：浦东新区科技发展基金(PKJ2021-Y71);浦东新区卫生健康委员会公共卫生高原学科建设(PWYggy2021-01);2023年上海市浦东新区疾病预防控制中心后备学科带头人培养项目(PDCDC-HBXD2023-01)。

摘　　要：目的分析上海市浦东新区餐饮场所蜚蠊侵害及其肠道病原体携带情况,为餐饮场所蜚蠊防制和感染性腹泻病防控提供科学建议。方法2021年4月-2022年3月,每月中旬使用蜚蠊诱捕器对上海市浦东新区12个街镇5种类型餐饮场所开展1次蜚蠊侵害调查和采样,对捕获的蜚蠊进行肠道病原体检测。采用Excel 2019、SPSS 22.0软件进行数据整理和统计分析。结果浦东新区餐饮场所蜚蠊侵害率为20.83%,蜚蠊密度为0.74只/个,种类为德国小蠊(占65.79%)和黑胸大蠊(占34.21%),不同类型餐饮场所蜚蠊的构成比差异有统计学意义(χ^(2)=126.509,P<0.001)。企事业单位食堂蜚蠊侵害率和密度最高,分别为29.03%和1.32只/个。蜚蠊样本的病原体检出率为28.13%,检出札如病毒、诺如病毒、星状病毒、产志贺毒素大肠埃希菌(STEC)、嗜水气单胞菌、人芽囊原虫和隐孢子虫共7类病原体53组。德国小蠊携带的优势病原体为札如病毒、人芽囊原虫和STEC,黑胸大蠊携带的优势病原体为札如病毒、STEC和嗜水气单胞菌。结论浦东新区餐饮场所蜚蠊携带多种人体肠道病原体,应重视餐饮场所的蜚蠊防制,有针对性地制定控制策略。Objective To analyze cockroach infestation and its intestinal pathogen infection status in catering places in Pudong New Area,Shanghai,China,so as to provide scientific suggestions for cockroach control and the prevention and control of infectious diarrhea in catering places.Methods From April 2021 to March 2022,cockroach infestation survey and sampling were conducted using cockroach traps in five types of catering places in 12 subdistricts and towns of Pudong New Area in the middle of each month.The captured cockroaches were examined for intestinal pathogens.Excel 2019 and SPSS 22.0 were used for data collation and statistical analysis.Results In the catering places of Pudong New Area,the cockroach infestation rate was 20.83%,and the cockroach density was 0.74 cockroaches/trap.Blattella germanica(65.79%)and Periplaneta fuliginosa(34.21%)were captured,with a statistical difference in the constituent ratio in various types of places(χ^(2)=126.509,P<0.001).The cafeterias of enterprises and public institutions had the highest cockroach infestation rate and density,which were 29.03%and 1.32 cockroaches/trap,respectively.The pathogen detection rate of the cockroach samples was 28.13%.A total of 53 groups of 7 categories of pathogens were detected,including Sapovirus,Norovirus,Astrovirus,Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli(STEC),Aeromonas hydrophila,Blastocystis hominis,and Cryptosporidium.The dominant pathogens carried by B.germanica were Sapovirus,B.hominis,and STEC,and those carried by P.fuliginosa were Sapovirus,STEC,and A.hydrophila.Conclusion Cockroaches in catering places in Pudong New Area carried various human intestinal pathogens,so attention should be paid to targeted cockroach control strategies in catering places.

关 键 词：蜚蠊 餐饮场所 病原体 病毒 寄生虫 细菌 

分 类 号：R384.9[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学] R183.5[医药卫生—基础医学]