基于三维数值模拟的单体崩塌风险评价——以西藏樟木口岸扎美拉山为例  

Risk assessment of monomer rockfall based on 3D numerical simulation:A case study of Zhameila mountain at Zhangmu port,Tibet

作　　者：张先林 张继 刘桃 李江 ZHANG Xianlin;ZHANG Ji;LIU Tao;LI Jiang(Sichuan Institute of Geological Engineering Investigation Group Co.,Ltd.,Chengdu 610072,China;State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection,Chengdu University of Technology,Chengdu 610059,China)

机构地区：[1]四川省地质工程勘察院集团有限公司,四川成都610072 [2]成都理工大学地质灾害防治与地质环境保护国家重点实验室,四川成都610059

出　　处：《自然灾害学报》2023年第4期61-69,共9页Journal of Natural Disasters

基　　金：四川省科技计划项目(2021YFSY0036,2022YFG0047);四川省地矿局科技创新项目(SCDKZCKJXM-2021064)。

摘　　要：针对大型高位崩塌体,由于其崩塌路径难以确定,对于灾害体的防控难度极大,故研究一种科学性的单体崩塌的风险评价方法意义重大。以樟木口岸扎美拉山崩塌为例,通过无人机倾斜摄影、机载LiDAR技术建立三维地表模型(含植被分布),利用RAMMS Rockfall软件对高位危岩体的崩塌运动过程进行三维数值模拟,并对崩塌区进行地质灾害风险评价。结果显示,落石在启动与停止阶段的运动模式以滚动为主,在崩塌路径区的高速崩落过程中以跳跃为主,其弹跳高度与速度不断上下起伏,并呈逐渐衰减的趋势,最大弹跳高度约53 m。研究区地质灾害危险性介于由中等到高,风险性介于由低到高。研究结果表明,利用上述方法对单体崩塌(尤其是高位崩塌)进行风险评价是合理的,可以在类似项目中予以充分利用。The travel path of large high-level collapse is difficult to determine,which poses a great challenge to its prevention and risk evaluation.Therefore,it is of great significance to establish a scientific and efficient monomer collapse risk assessment method.In this study,taking the Zhameila collapse as an example,the 3D terrain model of the slope is built using UAV photography and LiDAR technology,and the three-dimensional numerical simulation of the collapse movement process of the high-level rockfall is carried out using RAMMS Rockfall software.The simulation results show that the rockfall is mainly jumping on the travel path,and the jumping height and speed are gradually declining,and the maximum jumping height is about 53 m.In addition,a collapse risk assessment method is proposed,and results of the hazard and risk of the Zhameila collapse are middle-high,low-high levels respectively.This evaluation method can be used to predict the hazard and risk of similar high-level collapses.

关 键 词：高位崩塌 危岩体 三维数值模拟 地质灾害 风险评价 

分 类 号：P642.21[天文地球—工程地质学] X43[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]