上海大学生健康信息需求和媒介使用习惯调查  

Investigation on needs and channels for health information among college students in Shanghai

作　　者：曾艺[1] 孙艺[1] 杨泽璇 李沁园 郑频频[1] 钱海红 ZENG Yi;SUN Yi;YANG Ze-xuan;LI Qin-yuan;ZHENG Pin-pin;QIAN Hai-hong(Health communication Institute,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学健康传播研究所,上海200032

出　　处：《中国健康教育》2023年第4期323-328,共6页Chinese Journal of Health Education

基　　金：上海市公共卫生体系建设三年行动计划重点学科建设项目(GWV-10.1-XK14)。

摘　　要：目的 调查上海大学生健康信息需求和媒介使用习惯等,为提升精准健康传播和健康教育效果提供参考。方法 采用回顾性横断面调查,采用自编问卷,在2021年11—12月面向上海市12所普通高等本专科学校,通过多阶段分层整群抽样方法对1000名大学生开展线下问卷调查,获有效问卷913份,采用描述性分析、t检验、方差分析、Welch检验进行数据分析。结果 上海大学生健康信息需求度高,总体需求度最高的健康信息(得分均值排名前5)依次为:卫生便民服务[(3.99±1.10)分]、合理用药[(3.93±1.12)分]、意外伤害防护[(3.85±1.12)分]、饮食、瘦身、运动等健康行为指导[(3.84±1.13)分]、医院和医生等求医信息[(3.83±1.15)分],不同性别、不同文化程度、不同专业类别的学生健康信息需求度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。上海大学生获取健康信息最主要的渠道(得分均值排名前3)依次是“微信(公众号、微信群等)”[(4.28±0.974)分],“单位、学校等组织内部通知”[(3.93±1.053)分],“主流媒体网站和政府官方网站或app”[(3.83±1.128)分],最感兴趣的健康信息传播形式(得分均值排名前3)依次是“视频、动画、短视频等”[(4.12±0.941)分],“图片、海报、图表、漫画等”[(3.93±0.906)分],“电影、电视剧、纪录片等”[(3.63±1.149)分]。大学生对于健康信息的主动关注度、获取及时性、获取满意度、信息真伪判断力较高,根据合理健康信息改变健康行为意愿较高,不同性别学生在健康信息主动关注度、信息获取及时性上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),不同学科门类学生在健康信息主动关注度、信息真伪判断力上差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),健康状况自评情况不同的学生在健康信息获取主动性、及时性、判别力、满意度方面均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 上海大学生健康信息需求度高,最常通过微信等社交媒体和官�Objective To investigate the needs and channels for health information among college students in Shanghai,and to provide reference for improving the effect of precise health communication and health education.Methods A retrospective cross-sectional survey was conducted offline among 1000 college students in 12 colleges and universities in Shanghai during November to December,2021,with a self-designed questionnaire by multi-stage stratified cluster sampling.913 valid questionnaires were collected and descriptive analysis,t-test,analysis of variance and Welch test were used for data analysis.Results Shanghai college students have a high demand for health information,and the health information with the highest overall demand among college students in Shanghai(the top five in terms of the total mean value)were:Health and convenience services(3.99±1.10),rational drug use(3.93±1.12),accidental injury protection(3.85±1.12),guidance on healthy behaviors,like diet,slimming,exercise,etc.(3.84±1.13),and medical information(3.83±1.15).The differences in the degree of health information needed between different groups in the self-assessment of health status were significant(P<0.05).The most frequently used channels for obtaining health information(the top three in terms of the total mean value)were:"Wechat"(4.28±0.974),"Notices from Institutions and schools"(3.93±1.053),and"Mainstream media websites and government official websites or Apps"(3.83±1.128).The most interested forms of health information dissemination(the top three in terms of the total mean value))were:"Videos,cartoons,short videos,etc."(4.12±0.941),"Picture-based posters,charts,cartoons,etc."(3.93±0.906),"Movies,TV series,documentaries,etc."(3.63±1.149).College students active atention to health information,timeliness of obtaining health information,satisfaction with obtaining health information,judgment of truthfulness of information and willingness to change health behaviors according to reasonable health information were relatively higher.There wer

关 键 词：大学生 健康信息需求 媒介使用习惯 健康教育 精准健康传播 

分 类 号：R193[医药卫生—卫生事业管理] R179[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]