福建省蚤类携带巴尔通体调查及基因特征分析  

Genotype characteristics of Bartonella and the infection in fleas in Fujian Province,China

作　　者：念宇炜 周淑姮[2] 王加熊[2] 韩腾伟[2] 郑奎城[1,2] 肖方震[1,2] NIAN Yuwei;ZHOU Shuheng;WANG Jiaxiong;HAN Tengwei;ZHENG Kuicheng;XIAO Fangzhen(Public Health School of Fujian Medical University,Fuzhou 350122,China;Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Zoonosis Research,Fujian Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学公共卫生学院,福建福州350122 [2]福建省疾病预防控制中心,福建省人兽共患病研究重点实验室

出　　处：《中国病原生物学杂志》2023年第9期1012-1016,共5页Journal of Pathogen Biology

基　　金：国家科技重大专项(No.2017ZX10103008);福建省医学创新课题(No.2022CXA034);福建省医学创新课题(No.2020CXB010)。

摘　　要：目的 了解福建省蚤类携带巴尔通体(Bartonella spp.)情况以及基因特征。方法 在福建省晋江市、平和县、三明市沙县区、上杭县及古田县采用笼日法捕获鼠类并采集其体表寄生蚤,对蚤类进行鉴定分类。提取蚤标本DNA,采用qPCR扩增巴尔通体ssrA基因,阳性样品采用PCR扩增巴尔通体gltA基因并测序,进行序列比对分析。结果 共采集各类蚤632匹,qPCR扩增巴尔通体ssrA基因阳性226匹,巴尔通体感染率35.76%。其中,印鼠客蚤、不等单蚤、缓慢细蚤、近端远棒蚤感染率分别为36.45%(222/609)、12.50%(1/8)、16.67%(1/6)、100.00%(2/2),适存病蚤、猫蚤、福建新蚤均未检出巴尔通体。不同蚤种跳蚤巴尔通体感染率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。5个采样点采集的蚤类均检出巴尔通体,其中晋江市感染率为46.60%(89/191),平和县为33.95%(55/162),古田县为31.50%(40/127),沙县区为24.21%(23/95),上杭县为33.33%(19/57)。不同地区蚤类巴尔通体感染率差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=16.663,P<0.05)。不同性别(χ^(2)=14.250)、宿主(χ^(2)=15.301)、生境(χ^(2)=13.264)的蚤类巴尔通体感染率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。福建省蚤类感染的巴尔通体存在B.tribocorum、B.queenslandensis、B.elizabethae、B.rochalimae和B.coopersplainsensis等5种巴尔通体基因型,其中B.tribocorum占36%,为福建省优势种。结论 福建省蚤类巴尔通体感染率较高且具有多样性特征,存在将巴尔通体传染给人及动物的风险。Objective To investigate the infection and genetic characteristics of Bartonella in fleas in Fujian Province.Methods Fleas were collected from the body surface of rats caught by live-capture trap in in Jinjiang,Pinghe,Shaxian,Sanming,Shanghang and Gutian,which were sorted and identified.The fleas were detected for Bartonella ssrA gene by qPCR.Bartonella gltA gene of positive samples were amplified by PCR.The PCR products were sequenced and underwent phylogenetic analysis.Infection rates were compared using the Chi-square test or Fisher's precision probability test.Results In total,632 fleas wewe collected,the positive rate was 35.76%.Among different rodent species,the positive rates of Bartonella were 36.45%,12.50%,16.67%,100.00%for Xenopsylla cheopis,Monopsyllus anisus,Leptopsylla,Aviostivalius klossi.Bartonella was not detected in Nosopsyllus nicanus,Ctenocephalides felis,Neopsylla fukienensis.There was no significant statistic differences between different flea species(P>0.05).In terms of regions,Bartonella were detected at all sampling sites.The prevalence in Jinjiang was 46.60%,33.95%in Pinghe,31.50%in Gutian,24.21%in Shaxian,and 33.33%in Shanghang,with a statistical difference in the infection rate between the five regions(χ^(2)=16.663,P<0.05).The differences in positivity rates across sexes(χ^(2)=14.250),hosts(χ^(2)=15.301),habitats(χ^(2)=13.264)were statistically significant(P<0.05).There are five Bartonella genotypes in Fujian Province,including B.tribocorum,B.queenslandensis,B.elizabethae,B.rochalimae and B.coopersplainsensis,of which B.tribocorum accounted for 36%and is the dominant genotype in Fujian Province.Conclusion There are High infection rate and diversity characteristics of flea Bartonella in Fujian Province,which has the risk of causing disease to humans and animals.

关 键 词：巴尔通体 蚤 调查 遗传进化分析 

分 类 号：R384.3[医药卫生—医学寄生虫学]