美国地方媒体与中美民间外交:梅兰芳1930年访美案例研究  

The Role of American Local Media in the Sino-American People-to-People Diplomacy:A Cast Study of Mei Lanfang's Visit to the U.S.in 1930

作　　者：洪朝辉 董存发 Hong Zhaohui;Dong Cunfa(Fordham University,New York,United States;Center for Asia-Pacific Cooperation and Governance,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China)

机构地区：[1]福坦莫大学,美国纽约 [2]复旦大学亚太区域合作与治理研究中心,上海200433

出　　处：《复旦学报（社会科学版）》2023年第4期139-150,共12页Fudan Journal（Social Sciences）

摘　　要：1930年梅兰芳访美演出通过美国地方媒体的广泛和深入的报道,推动了中美民间外交的发展。因为美国地方报刊的相关报道与评论,不仅具有细节性、故事性和趣味性,而且更具有真实性、批判性和独特性,这正是民间外交取得成功的重要元素。通过地方新闻报道的梳理与分析,能够提供梅兰芳访美的细节报道、京剧评价、文化反思和艺术评论,以及对梅兰芳表演的尖锐批评。地方报刊显然能够强化和细化主流媒体所轻视或忽视的事件,起到补充和补白的功能,提升学者比较性、综合性和敏感性的能力,推动梅兰芳访美演出的研究进一步深入,并为中美民间外交侧重地方媒体、草根社区和普通民众提供启示。Mei Lanfang's visit to the United States in 1930 promoted the development of Sino-American people-to-people diplomacy because,among other reasons,the many performances of the Mei troupe in various American cities received extensive and in-depth coverage by local media outlets.The reports and reviews of Mei's Peking Opera by the local American newspapers not only provided detailed,interesting,and critical accounts of the authentic Chinese theatrical arts;they conveyed a sense of immediacy and uniqueness in introducing to local communities an unfamiliar cultural phenomenon.Collectively,their thorough reports and analyses,including illuminating reviews that offered simultaneously artistic commentaries on and critical evaluations of Mei's performances as well as cultural reflections of Peking Opera as a reliable,albeit foreign,art form,functioned as an effective vehicle in conducting successful people-to-people diplomacy.Clearly,the local media complemented,reinforced,and refined the coverage of events that were downplayed or neglected by the mainstream media,thus filling an important narrative and analytical void.At the same time,the local coverage also enables scholars to adopt comparative and comprehensive perspectives in their serious inquiries into the significance of Mei Lanfang's US performance tour while alerting those interested in pursuing Sino-American people-to-people diplomacy of the importance of local media,grassroots communities,and the general public.

关 键 词：梅兰芳 访美演出 地方报刊 中美民间外交 

分 类 号：D822.271.2[政治法律—政治学] G219.712[政治法律—外交学]