河南省围绝经期女性健康状况调查及干预策略分析  

Health status survey and intervention strategy of perimenopausal women in He′nan Province

作　　者：王倩[1] 胡滨[1] 李元昆[1] 廖予妹[1] WANG Qian;HU Bin;LI Yuan-kun;LIAO Yu-mei(The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University,Zhengzhou,He′nan 450014,China)

机构地区：[1]郑州大学第二附属医院,河南郑州450014

出　　处：《中国妇幼保健》2023年第16期3122-3126,共5页Maternal and Child Health Care of China

基　　金：河南省医学科技攻关计划项目(LHGJ20200393)。

摘　　要：目的了解河南省围绝经期女性健康状况,围绝经期症状的发生、干预及健康知识的普及情况,探讨预防和治疗围绝经期相关症状的措施。方法2021—2022年向河南省部分城市及农村,年龄45~60岁的神志清醒、精神正常,无其他严重重要脏器疾病的围绝经期女性发放问卷调查1000份。调查内容包括一般情况、城乡分布、学历、经济收入状况、月经和生育情况、围绝经期症状、相关健康知识认知情况、激素补充治疗使用及认知情况等。结果共收回问卷988份,重度、中度围绝经期症状农村人群分别占88.9%(16/18)、56.1%(105/187);城市人群分别占11.1%(2/18)、43.9%(82/187);愿意接受治疗的城市人群占55.6%(249/448),农村人群占44.4%(199/448);出现围绝经期相关症状后主动就诊占53.5%(374/699),就诊人群中仅19.0%(71/374)首次就诊于妇产科,使用激素治疗的仅占6.7%(10/149);通过电视、广播和网络、微信获得相关知识分别占44.0%、43.9%。45.3%的人群希望未来可以通过微信公众号、网络视频获取相关知识,43.9%的人群希望通过医护人员获得相关知识,37.3%的人群希望通过社区宣传获得相关知识。结论河南省部分地区45~60岁女性对围绝经期早期症状认识不足,中、重度围绝经期症状未得到及时、有效治疗,与环境和教育程度密切相关。需通过更高效的知识宣教途径,结合互联网平台,并建立分级卫生服务体系,以提高围绝经期妇女的健康素养和生活质量。Objective To understand the health status,occurrence,intervention,and popularization of health knowledge of menopaus⁃al symptoms in perimenopausal womem in He′nan Province,explore the prevention and treatment of perimenopause-related symp⁃toms.Methods A total of 1000 questionnaires were distributed among the perimenopausal womem aged 45-60 years old,without mental diseases and severe organ diseases in year 2021 and 2022 in partial urban and rural areas,He′nan Province.The survey contents included general information,urban and rural distribution,educational level,financial status,menstruation and childbirth,perimenopausal symp⁃toms,cognition of related health knowledge,use and cognition of hormone supplement therapy.Results A total of 988 questionnaires were collected,the proportions of severe and moderate perimenopausal symptoms in rural areas were 88.9%(16/18)and 56.1%(105/187),respectively,the proportions in urban areas were 11.1%(2/18)and 43.9%(82/187),respectively.The rates of participants who were willing to receive the treatment were 55.6%(249/448)in urban areas and 44.4%(199/448)in rural areas.For those participants with perimenopausal symptoms,53.5%(374/669)of them went to hospital actively,and only 19.0%(71/374)of them willingly chose to visit the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology,only 6.7%(10/149)of them used hormone therapy finally.The perimenopausal women often used television,radio and Internet,WeChat to acquire related knowledge,which accounted for 44.0%and 43.9%,respectively,45.3%of the population preferred to obtain knowledge through WeChat public accounts and online videos in the future,43.9%of the population hoped to obtain relevant knowledge through medical workers,and 37.3%of the population hoped to obtain relevant knowledge through community publicity.Conclusion The women aged 45-60 years old in some areas in He′nan Province lack awareness of early symptoms of perimenopa⁃use,and the moderate and severe levels of perimenopausal symptoms are not be treated timely and effecti

关 键 词：围绝经期综合征 三级网络 互联网平台 慢性病管理 干预策略 

分 类 号：R711[医药卫生—妇产科学]