基于跨理论模型的护理干预对妊娠糖尿病孕妇自我管理能力及自我效能的影响  

The effect of nursing intervention based on the transtheoretical model on self-management ability and self-efficacy of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus

作　　者：康丽萍 吴碧瑜[2] 张少颖 高玉玲 黄小艳 KANG Liping;WU Biyu;ZHANG Shaoying;GAO Yuling;HUANG Xiaoyan(Department of Obstetrics,Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University,Fujian,Quanzhou 362000,China;Nursing Department,Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University,Fujian,Quanzhou 362000,China;Nursing Teaching and Research Office,Quanzhou Medical College,Fujian,Quanzhou 362000,China)

机构地区：[1]福建医科大学附属泉州第一医院产科,福建泉州362000 [2]福建医科大学附属泉州第一医院护理部,福建泉州362000 [3]泉州医学高等专科学校护理教研室,福建泉州362000

出　　处：《中国医药科学》2023年第15期111-114,148,共5页China Medicine And Pharmacy

基　　金：泉州医学高等专科学校科研项目(20222E14)。

摘　　要：目的探讨基于跨理论模型的护理干预对妊娠糖尿病孕妇自我管理能力及自我效能的影响。方法选取2021年1月至2022年6月福建医科大学附属泉州第一医院产科门诊规范产检的96例妊娠糖尿病孕妇作为研究对象,以随机数表法分为两组。对照组(n=48)采用常规护理,观察组(n=48)另给予基于跨理论模型的护理干预,比较两组自我管理能力、自我效能、孕期体重增长合格率、血糖水平、剖宫产发生率。结果干预后1个月观察组自我管理能力、自我效能评分明显高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。干预后1个月观察组孕期体重增长合格率高于对照组,血糖水平低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组剖宫产发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组其他并发症比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但观察组数据更低。结论基于跨理论模型的护理干预能够提高妊娠糖尿病孕妇自我管理能力、自我效能,有效控制体重及改善母婴结局。Objective To explore the effect of nursing intervention based on a transtheoretical model on the self-management ability and self-efficacy of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus.Methods A total of 96 pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus were selected from the obstetric clinic of Quanzhou First Hospital Affiliated to Fujian Medical University for standardized prenatal examination from January 2021 to June 2022.They were divided into two groups by the random number table method.The control group(n=48)received routine nursing,and the observation group(n=48)received nursing intervention based on the transtheoretical model.The self-management ability,self-efficacy,qualified rate of weight gain during pregnancy,blood glucose level,and incidence of cesarean section were compared between the two groups.Results One month after intervention,the scores of self-management ability and self-efficacy in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).One month after intervention,the qualified rate of weight gain during pregnancy in the observation group was higher than that in the control group,and the blood glucose level was lower than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The incidence of cesarean section in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).There was no statistically significant difference between other complications groups(P>0.05),but the data in the observation group was relatively low.Conclusion Nursing intervention based on the transtheoretical model can improve the self-management ability and self-efficacy of pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus,effectively control their weight and improve maternal and infant outcomes.

关 键 词：跨理论模型 妊娠糖尿病 孕妇 自我管理能力 自我效能 

分 类 号：R473.71[医药卫生—护理学]