农村氏族宗祠用地法律问题研究  

On the Legal Issues of Land Use for the Clan Ancestral Hall in the Rural Areas

作　　者：余敬 梁亚荣[3] YU Jing;LIANG Ya-rong(Department of Humanities and Social Sciences,Hainan Medical University,Haikou 571199,China;School of Civil and Commercial Law,Southwest University of Political Science and Law,Chongqing 401120,China;.Law School,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China)

机构地区：[1]海南医学院人文社会科学部,海南海口571199 [2]西南政法大学民商法学院,重庆401120 [3]海南大学法学院,海南海口570228

出　　处：《海南大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2023年第5期145-154,共10页Journal of Hainan University （Humanities & Social Sciences）

基　　金：海南省哲学社会科学规划课题(HNSK(YB)20-59);海南省法学会重点课题(hnfx2018a02);中国博士后科学基金资助课题(2022M712648)。

摘　　要：农村氏族宗祠用地属于集体公益性建设用地范畴。宗祠用地与普通集体公益性建设用地、国有公益性建设用地有所不同,属于准公共物品,为集体内部习惯性公有共用地。宗祠及其占有的土地使用主体为氏族成员,主要是为满足该部分集体成员的祭祖、血缘信仰等精神需求。通过司法裁判案例考察发现,实践中存在宗祠用地法律定位模糊、利用与管理混乱等问题。氏族成员基于民法上习惯性权利对其利用,具有一定的社群排他性、法理上的正当性。宗祠用地在使用主体、客体、内容上均具有特殊性、优先性,需要对其占有、使用、收益、处分等相关权利形态进行厘清。The rural land used for the clan ancestral hall belongs to the category of collective,public welfare construction land.Different from the common collective-owned public welfare construction land and the state-owned public welfare construction land,the land used for the clan ancestral hall belongs to the quasipublic goods for the habitually shared land within the collective.The main body of the ancestral hall and its owned land is the clan members,and this hall is mainly to meet the spiritual needs of the collective members for ancestor worship,and consanguinity belief.Through the investigation of judicial cases,it is found that there exist such problems in practice as the ambiguity in legal orientation of the land used for the clan ancestral hall as well as the confusion in its utilization and management.The members of the gens exploit the land on the basis of their customary rights in the civil law,which has the certain group exclusivity and legal legitimacy.The land used for the clan ancestral hall enjoys the particularities and priorities in terms of the main body,object,and content,and its possession,use,income,disposal rules and forms of related rights must be clarified.

关 键 词：宗祠用地 集体公益用地 习惯性权利 氏族 共用 

分 类 号：D921[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]