基于切削运动学分析的铣削加工表面粗糙度预测方法研究  

Study on the Prediction Method of Milling Surface Roughness Based on Cutting Kinematics Analysis

作　　者：郭国强[1] 杨博宇 李建华[1] 成群林[1] 王大中 林立芳[1] 沈彬[3] GUO Guoqiang;YANG Boyu;LI Jianhua;CHENG Qunlin;WANG Dazhong;LIN Lifang;SHEN Bin(Shanghai Spaceflight Precision Machinery Institute,Shanghai 201600;College of Air Transportation,Shanghai University of Engineering Science,Shanghai 201620;School of Mechanical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240)

机构地区：[1]上海航天精密机械研究所,上海201600 [2]上海工程技术大学航空运输学院,上海201620 [3]上海交通大学机械与动力工程学院,上海200240

出　　处：《机械工程学报》2023年第13期314-324,共11页Journal of Mechanical Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2020YFB2010603);国家自然科学基金(5217052158)资助项目。

摘　　要：基于切削过程中的刀刃运动轨迹对加工表面形貌生成过程开展了运动学分析,首先基于刀具几何形状建立了面铣刀几何模型,并结合进给量、切削深度等切削参数和刀具偏心跳动带来的影响,建立了工件坐标系下的切削刃运动轨迹方程。其次对加工表面进行了离散化处理,并使用切比雪夫多项式求解计算得到每个网格处的表面形貌高度,并叠加取最小高度值作为最终的加工表面形貌高度。最后将单次铣削的预测结果与切削宽度结合,从而扩展到多次横向走刀铣削加工,提出了用于面铣刀几何形状和切削参数的表面粗糙度预测方法。通过不同平面铣削参数下的试验测量值对预测结果进行了验证,结果表明,同时考虑刀具几何形状与偏心跳动影响,预测值能够较为准确地表达出实际加工表面粗糙度的变化趋势与大小。Based on the cutting-edge motion trajectory in the cutting process,the kinematic analysis of the machining surface topography generation process is carried out.Firstly,a geometric model of the face milling cutter is established based on the cutting tool geometry,the cutting parameters such as feed rate,depth of cut,also with the cutting tool eccentricity runout have been combined.The model of the trajectory equation under the workpiece coordinate system is established which according to the motion of milling tool cutting edge.Secondly,the surface of the workpiece is discretized and Chebyshev polynomial is used to calculate the height of surface profile at each grid.The minimum value of these height is selected as the final height of the machined surface topography.Finally,combining with the cutting width,the prediction result of a single milling process is expanded to multiple transverse feed processing,a surface roughness prediction method for face mill geometries and milling parameters is proposed.The prediction result has been verified under different experiments when using different face milling parameters.The results show that under the consideration of cutting tool geometry and eccentricity runout simultaneously,the variation tendency and size of machined surface roughness could be forecasted accurately when using the surface roughness prediction method.

关 键 词：铣削 表面粗糙度 表面形貌 预测方法 切削运动学 

分 类 号：TG506[金属学及工艺—金属切削加工及机床]