吸能边界条件下水下爆炸离心试验中冲击波传播特性数值模拟  

Numerical Simulation on Shock Wave Propagation Characteristics in Centrifugal Tests of Underwater Explosion with Energy Absorbing Boundaries

作　　者：李明 张启灵[1,2,3] 李志 LI Ming;ZHANG Qi-ling;LI Zhi(Department of Engineering Safety and Disaster Prevention,Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute,Wuhan 430010,China;Research Center on National Dam Safety Engineering Technology,Wuhan 430010,China;Research Center on Water Engineering Safety and Disaster Prevention of the Ministry of Water Resources,Wuhan 430010,China)

机构地区：[1]长江科学院工程安全与灾害防治研究所,湖北武汉430010 [2]国家大坝安全工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430010 [3]水利部水工程安全与病害防治工程技术研究中心,湖北武汉430010

出　　处：《含能材料》2023年第8期820-831,共12页Chinese Journal of Energetic Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助(52109146);中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费项目(CKSF2019394/GC)。

摘　　要：受限于模型试验箱尺寸,水下爆炸离心模型试验中爆炸荷载在试验箱边界产生的反射波必然会影响试验的预期效果,因此减小模型箱边界效应将会大幅度还原试验实际情况并提高试验精度。基于耦合欧拉-拉格朗日(CEL)方法对水下爆炸离心模型试验进行数值模拟,通过试验和理论结果对比及1、2、4、6、8 mm和10 mm尺寸网格分析,验证了数值模型的可靠性,在此基础上对比研究了5、10、15 mm和20 mm厚度橡胶和泡沫作为边界消能材料时水下爆炸离心试验中冲击波荷载的传播特性,分析了各边界材料的吸波耗能机理。结果表明:2 mm欧拉网格尺寸能够兼顾计算效率和计算结果准确性;在模型箱内壁敷设橡胶或泡沫材料能有效降低水下爆炸冲击波的反射效应;在5 mm厚度条件下,橡胶材料较泡沫材料对冲击波吸收效果更为明显,但随着材料厚度的增加,泡沫材料吸波效果更加优越;橡胶材料和泡沫材料对冲击波低频信号均有一定的抑制效果,而对高频段信号抑制效果较弱。Limited by the size of model test chamber,the reflection wave generated by explosion load on the boundary of test chamber would inevitably affect the expected results in the centrifugal tests of underwater explosion.Therefore,reducing the boundary effect will substantially restore the actual test situation and improve the test accuracy.Numerical simulation on centri-fuge model test of underwater explosion was conducted based on the Coupled-Eulerian-Lagrangian(CEL)method.Through com-paring experimental results with theoretical results and analyzing mesh sizes of 1,2,4,6,8 and 10 mm,the reliability of the numerical model was verified.Based on that,the shock wave propagation characteristics in centrifuge tests of underwater explo-sion with boundary energy absorbing materials of rubber and foam(thicknesses of 5,10,15 and 20 mm)were compared,and the mechanism of wave absorption and energy dissipation was analyzed.The results show that the Euler mesh size of 2 mm could balance the calculation efficiency and accuracy of calculation results.Laying rubber or foam materials on the inner wall of the model chamber could effectively reduce the reflection effect of underwater explosion shock waves.The rubber material is more effective in shock wave absorption than the foam material for the condition of 5 mm thickness.However,with the increase of material thickness,the foam material has a better absorption effect than rubber.Both rubber and foam materials have a certain inhibitory effect on low-frequency signals of shock waves,but the inhibitory effect on high-frequency signals is weak.

关 键 词：水下爆炸 边界效应 数值模拟 吸波消能 离心模型试验 

分 类 号：TJ55[兵器科学与技术—军事化学与烟火技术] TV32[水利工程—水工结构工程]