非共价键化学修饰碳纳米管的分散及其机理  

Dispersion and Mechanism of Non-covalent Chemically Modified Carbon Nanotubes

作　　者：陈点 吕仕铭 汪羽翎 CHEN Dian;LYU Shiming;WANG Yuling(School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200240,China;Suzhou Sunmun Technology Co.,Ltd.,Kunshan 215337,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学化学化工学院,上海200240 [2]苏州世名科技股份有限公司,江苏昆山215337

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第17期68-85,共18页Materials Reports

基　　金：上海交通大学新进教师启动项目(18X100040063)。

摘　　要：碳纳米管(CNTs)是纳米材料中富有代表性的性能优异的材料之一,其独特的结构和其优异的力学、电子及光学等性能使之成为理想的纳米材料,被广泛地应用于各个领域之中。然而,CNTs具有巨大的表面积和长径比,管与管之间存在极强的范德华力和π-π堆积,其在自然状态下通常以平行管束的形式存在,这极大地阻碍了CNTs进一步的发展和应用。近年来,基于非共价化学修饰原理,人们不断研究合成合适的CNTs分散剂,探究CNTs分散的机理,尝试解决CNTs团聚的问题。但是在实际的工业应用领域中,已有的科学研究成果并不能满足工业上对CNTs分散的需求。本文主要总结了聚合物型非共价分散剂分散CNTs的研究进展,介绍了非共价分散剂分散CNTs的原理,分类分析了CNTs在溶液中和聚合物熔体中分散的特点,最后展望了非共价分散剂在溶液中分散CNTs的研究方向和在聚合物熔体中分散CNTs的非共价分散剂的设计思路,以期拓展CNTs在工业领域的应用。Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are one of the most representative nanomaterials with excellent performance. Their unique structure combined with their excellent mechanical, electronic and optical properties make them ideal nanomaterials, which are widely used in various fields. However, CNTs have huge surface area and aspect ratio, extremely strong van der Waals forces and π-π accumulation between tubes, which usually exist in the form of parallel tube bundles in the natural state, which greatly hinder the further research and application of CNTs. In recent years, based on the principle of non-covalent chemical modification, people have continuously studied the synthesis of appropriate dispersants for CNTs, explored the mechanism of CNTs dispersion, and attempted to solve the problem of CNTs agglomeration. However, in the field of actual industrial application, the existing scientific research results cannot meet the industrial demand for the dispersion of CNTs. This paper mainly summarized the research progress of polymeric non-covalent dispersants dispersed CNTs, introduced the principle of non-covalent dispersant dispersed CNTs, classified and analyzed the characteristics of dispersion of CNTs in solution and polymer melt. Finally, the research direction of non- covalent dispersants for dispersing CNTs in solution and the design idea of non-covalent dispersants for dispersing CNTs in polymer melt were prospected to expand the application of CNTs in the industrial field.

关 键 词：碳纳米管 分散机理 非共价修饰 聚合物分散剂 

分 类 号：TQ314[化学工程—高聚物工业]