杂环砌块构筑的有机分子对钢和铜的缓蚀性能研究进展  

Research Progress on Corrosion Inhibition of Steel and Copper byOrganic Molecules Constructed by Heterocyclic Blocks

作　　者：陈伶俐 石悦婷 李红茹[1] 王新潮 张胜涛[1] 高放[1] CHEN Lingli;SHI Yueting;LI Hongru;WANG Xinchao;ZHANG Shengtao;GAO Fang(College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400044,China;School of Pharmacy,Heze University,Heze 274007,Shandong,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学化学化工学院,重庆400444 [2]菏泽学院药学院,山东菏泽274007

出　　处：《材料导报》2023年第17期204-218,共15页Materials Reports

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(21376282,21676035,21878029);重庆大学研究生创新项目(CYB18046);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2020QB180)。

摘　　要：现代工业中,钢和铜易遭受无机酸侵蚀,特别是工业生产会加剧酸雨的发生,使这些金属受到酸腐蚀,从而影响其各项性能并造成巨大的经济损失及安全隐患,因此防止酸介质对钢和铜等金属的腐蚀具有非常重要的意义。在防止金属钢和铜被酸侵蚀的策略上,有机缓蚀剂方法因表现出低毒性、低成本、高效率、环境友好等许多独特的优点而引起人们的重点关注。杂原子能够增强有机分子在钢和铜表面上的吸附性能,促进有机化合物在这些金属表面形成保护屏障,进而有效提高金属在酸环境中的缓蚀效率。因此,可以利用有机缓蚀分子的极性杂环砌块基团在钢和铜表面具有吸附效应以及非极性的长链可在这些金属表面形成稳定的定向排列等特性,有效隔离侵略性腐蚀介质和金属表面直接接触以实现缓蚀作用。针对钢和铜在无机酸溶液中的缓蚀研究现状,本文重点总结了近年来基于杂环砌块构筑的有机缓蚀剂分子在酸介质中抑制钢和铜等金属腐蚀的研究进展,对腐蚀及缓蚀机理进行简要描述,并基于实验研究、量化计算和材料模拟分析讨论了含杂环有机缓蚀剂的化学结构与缓蚀性能之间的依赖关系,展望了未来该领域可能的研究重点与目标。In modern industry, steel and copper are easily corroded by inorganic acids. In particular, acid rain is aggravated by industrial development, which can lead to serious corrosion of steel and copper. As a consequence, serious safety and economic loss and environmental pollution may be caused by copper corrosion. Therefore, it is significantly important to prevent corrosion of metals in acid media. The organic inhibitor approach receives intensive research attention to inhibit dissolution of steel and copper in acid media, because it shows various advantages such as low toxicity, high efficiency, low cost as well as environmental amicable. Adsorption of organic inhibitors on steel and copper surface can be strengthened by carried heteroatoms based on strong chemical interactions, and thus protection films may be formed. As a result, efficient corrosion inhibition of steel and copper in acid media can be achieved. Hence, carried polar heterocyclic blocks in organic corrosion inhibitors can promote tough adsorption and included apolar long fatty chains may exhibit stable orientation arraying on metal surface. Therefore, aggressive corrosion species are isolated from metal surface to achieve corrosion inhibition. Hence, in the light of research situation in corrosion inhibition of steel and copper in acid media, this paper emphasized recent two decade progress of heterocyclic blocks-based organic corrosion inhibitors for inhibiting corrosion of steel and copper in acid environments. Besides, a brief description of corrosion and corrosion inhibition of steel and copper is introduced. The corrosion inhibition efficiency of heterocyclic-contained organic compounds through chemical strategy is also analyzed and discussed, which include numbers of heterocyclic rings, numbers of carbon chains (fatty linkers) and numbers of heteroatomic functional groups and so on. The relationship between the chemical structures of organic inhibitor molecules and the corrosion inhibition properties are particularly analyzed and discussed b

关 键 词：杂环砌块 钢和铜腐蚀 有机缓蚀剂 缓蚀机制 酸性介质 

分 类 号：O626[理学—有机化学]