菲涅耳双棱镜干涉实验的拓展研究  

Extended Research on Fresnel Biprism Interference Experiment

作　　者：房若宇[1] 刘家玮 王耀廷 FANG Ruoyu;LIU Jiawei;WANG Yaoting(College of Physics,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058,China;Chu Kochen Honors College)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学物理学院,浙江杭州310058 [2]浙江大学竺可桢学院,浙江杭州310058

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2023年第4期17-23,共7页Physical Experiment of College

基　　金：浙江大学本科实验教学项目(2016022)。

摘　　要：传统的菲涅耳双棱镜干涉实验中,狭缝到屏的距离是通过光具座直接读出的,这样会带来明显的误差。针对这个问题,通过测量放大像间距和缩小像间距来精确计算出狭缝到屏的距离,进而计算出He-Ne激光的波长。该方法有效地减小了实验误差,显著提高了测量结果的精确度。利用Mathematica软件对实验中获得的干涉条纹进行二维和三维的仿真模拟,得到了理想的干涉条纹图像,使实验结果更具形象化;同时进行了正交型双棱镜干涉的探索性实验,使用Mathematica获得了光强分布的三维模拟干涉图像。以上研究结果提高了双棱镜干涉实验的精确度,拓展了教学内容,达到了理想的教学效果。In the traditional Fresnel biprism interference experiment,the distance from the slit to the screen is directly read out through the optical bench,which brings obvious experimental errors.In this work,the distance from the slit to the screen was calculated by measuring the enlarged image spacing and the reduced image spacing,and thereafter the wavelength of the He-Ne laser was obtained.This method reduces the experimental error effectively and improves the accuracy of the measurement results significantly.Two-and three-dimensional simulations of the experimental interference fringes were carried out by using Mathematica software,giving ideal interference fringe images,which makes the experimental results more visualized.Meanwhile,an exploratory experiment of orthogonal biprism interference was carried out,and the three-dimensional and simulated interference images of the light intensity distribution were obtained by Mathematica.The above research results improve the accuracy of the biprism interference experiment,expand the teaching contents,and achieve the ideal teaching effect.

关 键 词：菲涅耳双棱镜 干涉 像间距 仿真模拟 正交型双棱镜 

分 类 号：O438.1[机械工程—光学工程]