电力系统振荡动静态网络分析及功率传输特性  

Dynamic and Static Network Analysis and Power Transmission Characteristics of Power System Oscillations

作　　者：杨孝稳 马锐 占萌 YANG Xiaowen;MA Rui;ZHAN Meng(State Key Lab of Advanced Electromagnetic Engineering Technology(School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering,Huazhong University of Science and Technology),Wuhan 430074,Hubei Province,China)

机构地区：[1]强电磁工程与新技术国家重点实验室(华中科技大学电气与电子工程学院),湖北省武汉市430074

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2023年第16期6266-6277,共12页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(面上项目)(12075091);国家自然科学基金国际(地区)合作与交流项目(11861131011)。

摘　　要：以同步发电机为主的传统电力系统发生低频振荡时,通常采用机电暂态模型来分析与计算,网络使用准稳态模型,潮流关系满足代数方程。但对于其次同步振荡或者电力电子化电力系统宽频振荡时,通常采用电磁暂态模型来分析与计算,网络使用动态模型,潮流关系满足微分方程。文中针对电力系统小扰动失稳后的一般化统一振荡形式,建立以传统电力系统中的同步发电机和电力电子化电力系统中的电压源型变换器为代表的发电设备外部特性的统一描述形式。推导动态和静态网络描述的功率特性方程,建立功率与振荡频率依赖关系的物理图像,发现其可被划分为低频区(10Hz以下)、谐振区(10~200Hz)和高频区(200Hz以上),证明了低频振荡时静态网络描述的适用性,而对于次同步振荡和高频振荡,网络则须使用详细的电磁暂态模型。推导结果在两机系统和多机系统中得到仿真验证。Low-frequency oscillations in traditional power systems dominated by synchronous generators(SG)are usually analyzed by using the electromechanical model,the quasi-steady state model and algebraic-equation power flow descriptions.Whereas sub-synchronous oscillations or wide-frequency-band oscillations in power-electronic-based power systems are studied with the electromagnetic model,the dynamic network and differential-equation power flow descriptions.Aiming at general oscillations of power systems under different frequencies after small-disturbance instability,this paper develops a unified form of external characteristics of power devices,including not only SG,but also voltage source converter(VSC),which is dominant in power-electronic-based power systems.The power characteristic equations for both dynamic and static networks are derived,and a clear physical picture for power transmission on the network is established.Based on these studies,it is found that the dependence of power on oscillation frequency can be divided into three different regions,including low-frequency region(below 10Hz),the resonance region(from 10Hz to 200Hz),and the high-frequency region(above 200Hz).It is also found that the static network description for low-frequency oscillations is applicable.Whereas for sub-synchronous and high-frequency oscillations,the dynamic network description has to be considered.All these theoretic analytical results have been well verified by extensive simulations in two-machine systems and multi-machine systems.

关 键 词：电力系统振荡 动静态网络 功率传输 电力电子化电力系统稳定 

分 类 号：TM71[电气工程—电力系统及自动化]