平板触头小开距中频真空电弧特性研究  

Characteristics of Intermediate Frequency Vacuum Arc in Butt Contact With Short Gap

作　　者：蒋原 武建文[2] 李擎[1] 苗磊 王昊 江冰 齐志新 陈明轩 JIANG Yuan;WU Jianwen;LI Qing;MIAO Lei;WANG Hao;JIANG Bing;QI Zhixin;CHEN Mingxuan(School of Automation and Electrical Engineering,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Haidian District,Beijing 100083,China;School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering,Beihang University,Haidian District,Beijing 100083,China;China Three Gorges Technology Co.,Ltd.,Xicheng District,Beijing 100031,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学自动化学院,北京市海淀区100083 [2]北京航空航天大学自动化科学与电气工程学院,北京市海淀区100083 [3]三峡科技有限责任公司,北京市西城区100031

出　　处：《中国电机工程学报》2023年第16期6517-6524,共8页Proceedings of the CSEE

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(面上基金项目)(52177127);广东省基础与应用基础研究基金(2020A1515110725);航空科学基金(2020Z025074001)。

摘　　要：为验证小开距平板真空触头在航空变频(360~800Hz)电力系统中作为保护电器应用的可行性,该文选择触头直径为20mm、触头材料为Cu-W-WC合金的真空灭弧室,在3mm开距条件下进行电弧特性实验,并基于磁流体理论,建立中频真空电弧的多物理场耦合仿真模型。研究结果表明:平板触头内的小开距中频真空电弧,燃弧能量低、对触头表面烧蚀轻,开断失败时未形成阳极斑点;大电流模式下,电流的自身磁场可使对称的柱状电弧合并,峰值时形成扩散态中频真空电弧;在360~800Hz范围内,随电流频率增加,小开距平板触头的开断能力略有下降,开断能力大于12.4kA,满足航空变频电力系统的保护需求。In order to verify the feasibility of vacuum butt contact with short gap as protective appliance in aviation variable frequency(360~800Hz)power system,a vacuum chamber with the contact diameter of 20 mm and contact material of Cu-W-WC is selected in this paper to do arc characteristic experiment under the condition of 3 mm gap.Based on the magneto hydro-dynamics theory,the multi-physics simulation model for intermediate frequency vacuum arc is established as well.The results show that the energy of intermediate frequency vacuum arc in butt contact with short gap is low and erosion on the contact surface is light,and no anode spot is formed when the interruption fails.In the high current mode,the symmetrical cylindrical arc can be merged by the magnetic field of the current,and the diffusion vacuum arc is formed at the peak.The current interruption ability of butt contact with short gap decreases slightly with the increase of frequency and is greater than 12.4kA in 360~800Hz,which meets the requirements of aviation variable frequency power system.

关 键 词：航空变频电力系统 真空开关 平板触头 小开距 电弧特性 

分 类 号：TM561[电气工程—电器]