功能化菌剂钝化土壤铅及促进黄瓜生长研究  

Passivation of Pb(Ⅱ)in soil and promoting cucumber growth using functional microbial agents

作　　者：张林[1] 魏书奇 毕馥漩 任哲仪 曹博[1] 张颖[1] 曲建华 ZHANG Lin;WEI Shuqi;BI Fuxuan;REN Zheyi;CAO Bo;ZHANG Ying;QU Jianhua(Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150010,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学,哈尔滨150010

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2023年第8期1729-1738,共10页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：黑龙江省普通本科高等学校青年创新人才培养计划项目(UNPYSCT-2020114)。

摘　　要：针对解磷菌(PSB)在铅(Pb)污染严重环境下存在活性较差、修复效率低下等问题,本研究通过骨炭负载羧甲基纤维素(CMC)稳定化的硫化亚铁(FeS),耦合PSB制备功能化菌剂(CFB1-P),用于Pb污染土壤的修复,并探讨其缓解Pb对黄瓜幼苗胁迫的能力及机制。结果表明,功能化菌剂通过化学沉淀、络合、静电吸引和生物矿化作用固定化Pb,其最大吸附量达452.99 mg·g^(-1)。CFB1-P具有较高的溶磷能力,溶磷量高达140 mg·L^(-1)以上。相较于CK处理,CFB1-P施加能有效降低土壤Pb的生物有效性,减少黄瓜幼苗地上部和地下部Pb的生物积累量,分别从63.84 mg·kg^(-1)和15.96 mg·kg^(-1)降低到5.59 mg·kg^(-1)和1.39 mg·kg^(-1),从而降低Pb对于黄瓜幼苗的胁迫作用。CFB1-P的施加可显著提高黄瓜幼苗的株高、根长、鲜质量,分别从6.1 cm·株^(-1)、1.2 cm·株^(-1)、0.87 g·株^(-1)增加到12.7 cm·株^(-1)、4.1 cm·株^(-1)、6.52 g·株^(-1),有效促进黄瓜幼苗生长。研究表明功能化菌剂CFB1-P对土壤Pb具有优异的钝化性能,是一种极具潜力、高效的土壤重金属Pb污染修复剂。To solve the problem of poor activity and low remediation efficiency of phosphorus solubilizing bacteria(PSB)in environments with severe Pb pollution,bone char was used to load ferrous sulfide(FeS)with the stabilization of carboxymethyl cellulose(CMC).This was coupled with PSB for synthesizing the functionalized bacteria agent(CFB1-P).CFB1-P was applied for the remediation of Pb contaminated soil,and the performance and mechanisms of alleviating Pb stress in cucumber were investigated.The results showed that CFB1-P possessed high adsorption performance for Pb(Ⅱ),with the maximum adsorption capacity of Pb(Ⅱ)being 452.99 mg·g^(-1) through chemical precipitation,complexation,electrostatic attraction,and biological mineralization.Furthermore,phosphate-solubilizing amount of PSB in CFB1-P was enhanced to 140 mg·L^(-1).In comparison with CK,application of CFB1-P in the soil could effectively reduce the bioavailability of Pb and decrease the bioaccumulation of Pb in the shoots and roots of cucumber seedlings from 63.84 and 15.96 mg·kg^(-1) to 5.59 and 1.39 mg·kg^(-1),successful alleviating the toxicity stress of Pb on cucumber seedlings.Meanwhile,addition of CFB1-P to the soil significantly increased the plant height,root length,and fresh weight of cucumber seedlings from 6.1 cm·plant^(-1),1.2 cm·plant^(-1),and 0.87 g·plant^(-1) to 12.7 cm·plant^(-1),4.1 cm·plant^(-1),and 6.52 g·plant^(-1),effective promoting the growth of cucumber seedlings.The study demonstrates that CFB1-P has excellent passivation properties for Pb,and can be considered as an efficient potential remediation agent for Pb contaminated soil.

关 键 词：解磷菌 骨炭 硫化亚铁 羧甲基纤维素 铅 土壤 生物矿化 

分 类 号：S642.2[农业科学—蔬菜学] X53[农业科学—园艺学]