腐秆菌和C/N对水稻秸秆田间堆腐效果的影响  

Effects of straw-decomposing microorganism inoculum and C/N ratio on field rice straw composting

作　　者：尹众 王鑫 鲁梦醒 卫正宇 王时聪 马超[1] YIN Zhong;WANG Xin;LU Mengxing;WEI Zhengyu;WANG Shicong;MA Chao(Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Farmland Ecological Conservation and Pollution Prevention,School of Resources and Environment,Anhui Agricultural University,Hefei 230036,China)

机构地区：[1]农田生态保育与污染防控安徽省重点实验室,安徽农业大学资源与环境学院,合肥230036

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2023年第8期1831-1840,共10页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(32071628);安徽省高校自然科学基金项目(KJ2021ZD0009)。

摘　　要：为明确腐秆菌和C/N对秸秆田间堆腐效果的影响,以水稻秸秆为研究对象,设置2×3(以不接菌处理作为对照CK处理,2种腐秆菌:解淀粉芽孢杆菌Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9、纤维化纤维微细菌Cellulosimicrobium cellulans MC29,3个C/N:15∶1、25∶1、35∶1)交互试验,研究了腐秆菌和C/N在堆腐第7天和第120天时对水稻秸秆的腐解率、化学组成、酶活性和细菌群落多样性的影响。结果表明:堆腐第7天,C/N对秸秆的腐解度有显著影响(P<0.05),在SQR9处理和MC29处理下均以C/N 25∶1最高。堆腐第120天,不同腐秆菌和C/N对腐解率有显著影响(P<0.05),MC29处理下C/N 25∶1能显著提升秸秆腐解率(P<0.05);不同腐秆菌和C/N对纤维素酶活性均有显著影响(P<0.05),不同腐秆菌对木质素过氧化物酶活性有显著影响(P<0.05);C/N会显著影响细菌群落丰富度和多样性(P<0.05),总体呈现出随C/N升高而上升的趋势。研究表明,腐秆菌和C/N可以影响水稻秸秆的田间堆腐效果,相比SQR9,MC29的腐解效果较好且对应的最佳C/N为25∶1,腐秆菌对水稻秸秆纤维素酶和木质素过氧化物酶活性均有显著影响,而C/N对水稻秸秆纤维素酶活性和细菌群落多样性有显著影响。A two-factor,three-level factorial design was used in this study to assess the effects of straw-decomposing microorganism inoculum and C/N ratio on the composting characteristics of straw in the field.The experimental design included two types of strawdecomposing microorganism inocula(i.e.,Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SQR9 and Cellulosimicrobium cellulans MC29)and three levels of C/N ratio(i.e.,15∶1,25∶1,and 35∶1).Rice straw was used as raw materials to investigate their effects on decomposition rate,chemical composition,enzymatic activity,and bacterial community diversity after 7 and 120 days of composting,respectively.The results were described as follows:Following 7 days of composting,varying C/N ratios significantly affected the degree of decomposition of straw residues(P<0.05);meanwhile,a C/N ratio of 25∶1 resulted in the highest degree of decomposition,independent of the type of microorganism inocula.After 120 days of composting,different straw-decomposing microorganism inocula and C/N ratios significantly affected the decomposition rate(P<0.05).The optimal C/N ratio for MC29 was ascertained to be 25∶1,at which point the decomposition rate of straw rose considerably(P<0.05).Additionally,after 120 days of composting,different straw-decomposing microorganism inoculum and C/N ratios induced significant effects on cellulase activity,with the former having pronounced effects on lignin peroxidase activity.Furthermore,the C/N ratio had remarkable effects on the abundance and diversity of the bacterial community after 120 days of composting,which generally showed an upward trend with the increase in the C/N ratio.In conclusion,straw-decomposing microorganism inoculum and C/N ratio can influence the composting characteristics of rice straw in the field.MC29 had more substantial effects than SQR9,and its optimal C/N ratio was 25∶1.The straw-decomposing microorganism inoculum significantly affected cellulase and lignin peroxidase activities,and the C/N ratio had a significant effect on the cellulase activity

关 键 词：腐秆菌 C/N 田间堆腐 腐解率 化学组成 酶活性 细菌群落多样性 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]