牵引电机关键部件铜导条失效分析  

Failure analysis on copper bars of traction motor key component

作　　者：陆吉平 杨川[1] 崔国栋[1,2] 马骥 张程菘[1] 郭旗扬 陈大志 Lu Jiping;Yang Chuan;Cui Guodong;Ma Ji;Zhang Chengsong;Guo Qiyang;Chen Dazhi(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Southwest Jiaotong University,Chengdu Sichuan 610031,China;Yibin Research Institute,Southwest Jiaotong University,Yibin Sichuan 644000,China;Ningbo Yongxian Intelligent Research Co.,Ltd.,Ningbo Zhejiang 315000,China)

机构地区：[1]西南交通大学材料科学与工程学院,四川成都610031 [2]西南交通大学宜宾研究院,四川宜宾644000 [3]宁波甬先智能研究有限公司,浙江宁波315000

出　　处：《金属热处理》2023年第8期260-264,共5页Heat Treatment of Metals

基　　金：宁波市重大科技攻关项目(2022Z003)。

摘　　要：某HXN5机车5GEB32B1型牵引电机,在使用过程中发生多起电机转子铜导条断裂事故。通过化学成分测试、金相检测、拉伸性能测定和断口形貌分析等手段,对导条断裂原因进行分析,并提出了相应改进措施。结果表明,导条的化学成分、组织以及性能均满足相关标准要求,断裂机制属于疲劳断裂+蠕变断裂。断裂导条上观察到明显的疲劳条带,并且导条断裂后与锭子发生剧烈摩擦,使周围导条和整个电机温度上升,导致导条在较高温度下和长时间承受各类载荷而发生蠕变。Many accidents of the motor rotor copper guide bar fracture occurred in service for the 5GEB32B1 type traction motor of HXN5 locomotive.The fracture causes were analyzed,and the corresponding improvement measures were proposed by means of chemical composition test,metallographic examination,tensile test and fracture morphology analysis.The results show that the chemical composition,microstructure and properties of the copper all meet the requirements of relevant standards,and the fracture mechanisms are fatigue fracture and creep fracture.Obvious fatigue striations are observed on the broken copper bars,and the temperature around the copper bar and throughout the whole motor raises caused by the copper bars rubbing violently with the spindle after fracture,which further causes the guide bars to creep under various loads at high temperature and for a long time.

关 键 词：铜导条 失效分析 疲劳断裂 蠕变断裂 

分 类 号：U264.1[机械工程—车辆工程]