菲律宾蛤仔早期生长性状的遗传参数评估及生长模型构建  

Genetic Parameter Evaluation and Growth Model Construction of Early Growth Traits of Ruditapes philippinarum

作　　者：王松林 孙秀俊[1,2] 涂康 许星鸿 周丽青 刘志鸿[1,2] 吴彪 Wang Songlin;Sun Xiujun;Tu Kang;Xu Xinghong;Zhou Liqing;Liu Zhihong;Wu Biao(State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods,Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China;Laboratory for Marine Fishery Science and Food Production Process,Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao),Qingdao 266237,China;College of Marine Science and Fisheries,Jiangsu Ocean University,Lianyungang 222005,China;Putian Fisheries Research Institute,Putian 351100,China)

机构地区：[1]海水养殖生物育种与可持续产出全国重点实验室(中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所),山东青岛266071 [2]青岛海洋科学与技术试点国家实验室,海洋渔业科学与食物产出过程功能实验室,山东青岛266237 [3]江苏海洋大学海洋科学与水产学院,江苏连云港222005 [4]莆田市水产研究所,福建莆田351100

出　　处：《中国海洋大学学报（自然科学版）》2023年第9期69-76,共8页Periodical of Ocean University of China

基　　金：崂山实验室科技创新项目(LSKJ202203803);国家自然科学基金项目(32273107);中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所基本科研业务费项目(20603022022001);青岛市市南区科技计划项目(2022-2-026-ZH);莆田市科技计划项目(2021NJJ002)资助。

摘　　要：为探究菲律宾蛤仔(Ruditapes philippinarum)早期生长性状的遗传规律,本文选取莱州海域性腺成熟的菲律宾蛤仔作为亲本,采用人工授精的方法建立了40个全同胞家系。家系培育期间,采集7~116日龄中6个不同时期的幼虫和稚贝,评估了这6个时间点壳长和壳高的遗传参数,并构建了壳长和壳高的生长模型。研究表明,壳长的狭义遗传力范围为0.684~0.775,壳高的狭义遗传力范围为0.702~0.801,这体现出蛤仔具有较高的狭义遗传力。各日龄阶段壳长和壳高的遗传相关系数均大于0.90,属于高度遗传相关。幼虫期和稚贝期的表型相关系数差异较大,分别为0.677和0.952。不同日龄蛤仔的壳长和壳高之间的遗传相关和表型相关均为极显著正相关,其中第75日龄的稚贝遗传相关系数和表型相关系数最大,分别为0.997和0.977。此外,根据壳长和壳高的拟合程度建立了4个生长模型,4个生长模型的拟合度均大于0.90,其中von Bertanffy模型的拟合度最高,壳长和壳高的拟合度分别达到0.942和0.941。综上所述,菲律宾蛤仔的壳长和壳高这两生长性状均具有较大的遗传改良潜力,对这两个生长性状的直接选择可以获得较好的选育效果。In order to explore the genetic rule of early growth traits of Manila clam Ruditapes philippinarum,a total of 40 full-sib families were established through artificial fertilization.The mature clams from Laizhou Bay were selected as broodstock in the breeding experiments.During culture,larvae and spats were harvested at 6 time points from day 7 to day 116 after fertilization.For larvae and spats at different stages,the genetic parameters of two growth traits(shell length and shell height)were measured at the time points set.The potential growth models were further constructed for shell length and height,respectively.Heritability for shell length in larvae and spats were estimated ranged from 0.684 and 0.775 while heritability for shell height were calculated to be varied between 0.702 and 0.801.These findings suggested that clams had at a high level of growth heritability at early life stages.For all stages,genetic correlation coefficient was found to be greater than 0.90,indicating the high genetic correlation between shell length and height.In contrast,phenotypic correlation coefficient was remarkably different between larvae(0.677)and spats(0.952).A significant positive correlation was found between shell length and height.The maximum value of genetic correlation coefficient(0.997)and phenotypic correlation coefficient(0.977)were detected in spats at day 75.In addition,four growth models were constructed according to the growth pattern of shell length and height,with the fitness degrees greater than 0.90.Among them,the highest two fitness degrees of shell length(0.942)and shell height(0.941)were detected in the von Bertanffy models.The growth traits of shell length and shell height of R.philippinarum have great potential for genetic improvement,indicating that direct selection of these two growth traits can obtain better breeding effects.Our findings provid an important scientific basis and theoretical reference for developing selection strategies and breeding schemes in clams.

关 键 词：菲律宾蛤仔 全同胞家系 生长性状 狭义遗传力 遗传相关 表型相关 生长模型 

分 类 号：S968.3[农业科学—水产养殖]