EM富硒酵母菌剂的制备及其在水稻富硒生产中的应用  

Preparation of EM Selenium‑Enriched Yeast Agent and Its Application in Selenium‑Enriched Rice Production

作　　者：赵彪 冯旭[1] 贺付蒙 徐永清[1] 石齐海 冯艳忠[2] 李凤兰[1] ZHAO Biao;FENG Xu;HE Fumeng;XU Yongqing;SHI Qihai;FENG Yanzhong;LI Fenglan(College of Life Science,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150000,China;Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150000,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学生命科学学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150000 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150000

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2023年第8期26-35,共10页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑土地保护与利用科技创新工程专项(XDA28030302);国家大豆产业技术体系岗位科学家项目(CARS-04-PS21);阜阳市科技专项经费市校合作项目(SXHZ202007)。

摘　　要：在单因素试验基础上,以有机硒质量浓度为评价指标,采用响应面法优化EM(Effective microorganisms)富硒酵母菌剂制备工艺条件,确定最优EM富硒酵母菌剂制备工艺条件,并将EM富硒酵母菌剂应用于水稻,调查其对水稻产量和品质的影响,为富硒农产品的功能性开发和利用提供参考。结果表明,EM富硒酵母菌剂制备的最佳工艺条件:在3 L EM菌液中,酵母接种量10%、无机硒质量浓度5 g/L、发酵温度30℃、pH值4.0、发酵时间3 d。在此条件下,有机硒质量浓度为833.61 mg/L。大田试验结果表明,与喷施清水(CK)和津国有机硒素处理相比,EM富硒酵母菌剂处理水稻乳熟期叶中有机硒含量显著提高;空秕率分别显著降低24.84%和21.23%,产量分别提高8.38%和7.52%;籽粒直链淀粉含量分别提高20.60%和30.86%,硒含量为0.24 mg/kg,较CK显著提高23倍,符合GB/T 22499-2008《富硒稻谷》规定标准。The EM selenium‑enriched yeast agent preparation process conditions were optimized by response surface methodology based on single‑factor test with organic selenium concentration as the evaluation index,the optimal EM selenium‑enriched yeast agent preparation process conditions were determined,and the EM selenium‑enriched yeast agent was applied in rice production to investigate its effects on rice yield and quality,so as to provide reference for the functional development and utilization of selenium‑enriched agricultural products.The results showed that the optimal process conditions for the preparation of EM selenium‑enriched yeast agent were yeast inoculation of 10%,inorganic selenium concentration of 5 g/L,fermentation temperature of 30℃,pH value of 4.0,and fermentation time of 3 d in 3 L EM bacterial solution.The organic selenium concentration was 833.61 mg/L under above conditions.The results of the field trial showed that compared with the treatment of spraying water(CK)and treatment of spraying Jinguo organic selenium,the organic selenium content in the leaves of EM selenium‑enriched yeast agent‑treated rice significantly increased at the milky stage;the shrunken grain rate significantly decreased by 24.84%and 21.23%,the yield increased by 8.38%and 7.52%,respectively;the starch content increased by 20.60%and 30.86%,and the selenium content was 0.24 mg/kg,which was 23 times higher than that of CK and conformed to the standard of GB/T 22499-2008 Selenium rich rice.

关 键 词：水稻 EM菌 酵母菌 富硒 响应面法 品质 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]