中共中央化解西北苏区肃反危机述论  

Discussion on the Central Committee of the CPC Resolving the Crisis in the "Elimination of Counter Revolutionaries" in the Northwest Soviet Area

作　　者：李东朗[1] Li Donglang

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校中共党史教研部,北京100091

出　　处：《苏区研究》2023年第4期27-44,共18页

摘　　要：1935年发生在西北苏区的肃反是中共党史上的一个重大事件,其关系中国革命的全局,也是对历经艰难困苦长征到达陕北的中共中央的严峻考验。成功化解这一危机,是中共中央奠基西北的重大举措,意义深远。但对此问题的学术研究非常薄弱,现有著述存在不少问题,甚至有严重差错。基本史实是:中共中央初到陕北,就敏锐地发现这场肃反存在问题,但没有如社会传言那样,闻讯即下令释放刘志丹等肃反中的被捕者,而是迅速通过一系列审慎的工作,辨明真相,匡谬释怨,稳妥地化解了这场危机。毛泽东、张闻天、周恩来、博古等中共中央主要领导人都参与了该案的处理,但因主要工作任务和所处时空的不同,他们分别在不同阶段发挥了不同的作用。系统梳理中共中央化解西北苏区肃反危机的历程,并就其中一些问题展开辨析,有助于从整体上客观地反映这一历史事实,进一步证明中共中央纠正西北苏区肃反的正确性,彰显其重大的历史作用。The "elimination of counter revolutionaries" that occurred in the Northwest Soviet Area in 1935 was a major event in the history of the CPC.It was related to the overall situation of the Chinese revolution and also a severe challenge to the Central Committee of the CPC,which had experienced difficulties and hardships during the Long March and reached northern Shaanxi.The successful resolution of this crisis was a significant measure taken by the Central Committee of the CPC to lay the foundation in the northwest of China,with profound significance.However,academic research on this issue is very weak,and there are many problems and even serious errors in existing writings.The basic historical fact is that when the Central Committee of the CPC first arrived in northern Shaanxi,it was keenly aware of the problems in the "elimination of counter revolutionaries".It quickly resolved the crisis through a series of prudent work,identifying the truth,correcting the fallacies and explaining the grievances,but instead of immediately ordering the release of Liu Zhidan and other arrested people in the "elimination of counter revolutionaries" after hearing it,as the social rumor has it.Mao Zedong,Zhang Wentian,Zhou Enlai,Bo Gu and other major leaders of the Central Committee of the CPC participated in the handling of the case,but they played different roles in different stages due to different main tasks and time and space.A systematic review of the process of the Central Committee of the CPC in resolving the crisis in the "elimination of counter revolutionaries" in the Northwest Soviet Area,and an differentiation and analysis of some problems in the process,will help objectively reflect this historical fact as a whole,further prove the correctness of the Central Committee of the CPC in correcting the "elimination of counter revolutionaries" in the Northwest Soviet Area,and demonstrate its significant historical role.

关 键 词：肃反 西北苏区 危机 刘志丹 

分 类 号：D231[政治法律—政治学]