基于ANSYS的聚氨酯发泡机搅拌器结构设计及优化  

Structural Design and Optimization of Mixer for Polyurethane Foam Machine Based on ANSYS

作　　者：江明会 梅益[1] 罗彦英 余书发 Jiang Minghui;Mei Yi;Luo Yanying;Yu Shufa(College of Mechanical Engineering,Guizhou University,Guiyang 550025,China;Guizhou Huayun Automobile Trim Manufacturing Co.,Ltd.,Guiyang 550025,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州大学机械工程学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州华云汽车饰件制造有限公司,贵阳550025

出　　处：《工程塑料应用》2023年第8期112-118,共7页Engineering Plastics Application

基　　金：贵阳科技计划项目(筑科合同[2022]5-38)。

摘　　要：为解决现有聚氨酯发泡机原料搅拌器因笨重而引起功率和材料的浪费、搅拌效率低等问题,采用响应面分析法对聚氨酯料罐内搅拌器进行结构轻量化设计。设计了一种四叶平直叶开启式涡轮搅拌器,以其搅拌轴和搅拌叶片为主要研究对象。首先,将UG_NX建立的几何结构导入ANSYS中对两者进行有限元静力学分析。根据搅拌器的实际工况,分别施加力与载荷后,求解得到变形图和等效应力图。其次,在静力学分析的基础上对叶片进行响应面分析。以质量最小为优化目标,叶片的厚度和宽度为设计变量,叶片在对应的力与载荷条件下所受的应力与变形为约束条件,最后求解得到质量最小且满足应力、应变条件下所对应的最优结构尺寸方案。最后,为避免搅拌轴发生共振,对搅拌轴进行模态分析,得到其前六阶的振型和固有频率。最终仿真结果表明,叶片质量减少为原来的31%,且最大变形仅为0.035 mm,最大等效应力为7.52 MPa。证明采用响应面分析法对搅拌轴及叶片的结构进行轻量化设计能够满足强度要求。Aiming at the problems that the raw material agitator of the polyurethane foaming machine is bulky,which causes waste of power and materials,and leads to low mixing efficiency,the structural lightweight design of the agitator in the polyurethane material tank was carried out by using the response surface analysis method.A four-leaf open-type turbine agitator with straight blades was designed,with its agitating shaft and agitating blades as the main research objects.First,importing the geometric structure established by UG_NX into ANSYS to perform finite element static analysis on both.According to the actual working conditions of the agitator,after applying force and load respectively,the deformation diagram and equivalent stress diagram were obtained by solving.Secondly,the response surface analysis of the blade was carried out on the basis of the static analysis.The optimization goal was to minimize the mass,the thickness and width of the blade were the design variables,and the stress and deformation of the blade under the corresponding force and load conditions were the constraint conditions.Finally,the optimal structural size scheme with the minimum mass and satisfying the stress and strain conditions was obtained.In order to avoid the resonance of the stirring shaft,the modal analysis of the stirring shaft was carried out to obtain the first six order vibration shapes and natural frequencies.The final simulation results show that the mass of the blade is reduced to 31%of the original,and the maximum deformation is only 0.035 mm,and the maximum equivalent stress is 7.52 MPa.It is proved that the light-weight design of the structure of the stirring shaft and blades by using the response surface analysis method can meet the strength requirements.

关 键 词：聚氨酯 搅拌轴 搅拌叶片 有限元分析 响应面分析 

分 类 号：TH122[机械工程—机械设计及理论]