水氮措施影响夏玉米氮素利用的叶绿素荧光特性研究  

Chlorophyll Fluorescence Characteristics of the Combined Effects of Irrigation and Nitrogen Fertilizer on Nitrogen Utilization of Summer Maize

作　　者：乔江方[1] 邵运辉[2] 俞晓红 张盼盼 李川[1] 赵霞[1] 刘京宝[1] 张美微[1] QIAO Jiang-fang;SHAO Yun-hui;YU Xiao-hong;ZHANG Pan-pan;LI Chuan;ZHAO Xia;LIU Jing-bao;ZHANG Mei-wei(Cereal Crops Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002;Wheat Research Institute,Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Zhengzhou 450002;Xihua Institute of Agricultural Sciences,Xihua 466600,China)

机构地区：[1]河南省农业科学院粮食作物研究所,郑州450002 [2]河南省农业科学院小麦研究所,郑州450002 [3]西华县农业科学研究所,河南西华466600

出　　处：《玉米科学》2023年第3期120-127,共8页Journal of Maize Sciences

基　　金：河南省重点研发与推广专项(222102110284);河南省农业科学院自主创新项目(2023ZC013)、河南省农业科学院优秀青年科技基金(2022YQ21)、河南省农业科学院杰出青年科技基金(2021JQ05)。

摘　　要：以产量差异显著的两个夏玉米品种德单5号和郑单958为材料,设不同灌溉和施肥水平,开展水氮互作对玉米产量、氮素利用和叶绿素荧光特性的影响研究。结果表明,在不同灌溉处理下,增施氮肥显著提高营养器官氮素转运量,降低氮素转运效率,N3(180 kg/hm^(2))、N4(225 kg/hm^(2))处理间无显著差异。增施氮肥也显著提高了各灌溉条件下两个品种吐丝期穗位叶Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo,当氮肥施用量增加至N3(180 kg/hm^(2))后增肥效果不显著。因此,大喇叭口期和吐丝散粉期分别灌溉37.5 mm配合180 kg/hm^(2)的施氮量有利于提高叶绿素荧光参数Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo,促进夏玉米植株氮素转运,提高氮肥利用效率。此外,Fv/Fm和Fv/Fo均与植株氮素转运量和氮肥利用效率呈极显著正相关,可作为衡量植株氮素转运和利用的有效指标。Two summer cultivars of Dedan5 and Zhengdan958,with significant yield differences were used.The experiment was carried out with different irrigation and nitrogen fertilizer applications.The results showed that nitrogen fertilization application significantly improved the translocation amount of nitrogen in vegetative organs,while reducing the nitrogen transport efficiency.And the differences between N3 and N4 were non-significant.Simi⁃larly,the nitrogen fertilizer application also significantly improved the Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo in ear leaf,under the three ir⁃rigation conditions.While no significant benefits were observed when the nitrogen fertilizer application increased more than 180 kg/ha.In this study,the treatment of irrigation of 37.5 mm with nitrogen fertilizer application of 180 kg/ha was conductive to improve the Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo,and accelerate the nitrogen transport of plant,and increase the nitrogen use efficiency.Furthermore,the Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo were significantly positive correlation with nitrogen translo⁃cation amount of plant,and nitrogen use efficiency,indicating that they could be used as an effective measure to evaluate the plant nitrogen accumulation,transport and utilization.

关 键 词：夏玉米 水氮措施 氮素利用 

分 类 号：S513.062[农业科学—作物学]